Loebich, Jr., D.

Loebich, J., D. and C.J. Raub, Das Zustandsdiagramm Lithium-Palladium und die Magnetischen Eigenschaften der Li-Pd Legierungen. J. Less-Common Met., 1977. 55: p. 67.

Lohr, L. L.

Lohr, L.L., Electronic structure of palladium clusters: implications for cold fusion. J. Phys. Chem., 1989. 93: p. 4697.

Lomovskii, O. I.

Lomovskii, O.I., A.F. Eremin, and V.V. Boldyrev, Isotope heat effect in reactions with libreration of hydrogen on palladium catalytic particles. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1989. 309: p. 879 (In Russian).

Lonchampt, G.

Lonchampt, G., L. Bonnetain, and P. Hieter. Reproduction of Fleischmann and Pons Experiments. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Abstract
 The objective of this work is to check the reliability of the initial Fleischmann and Pons calorimeter for studying cold fusion from ambient to boiling temperature. After describing our experimental set up, the assessment of excess heat from the enthalpy balance is discussed. We have observed deposits on the electrodes after electrolysis, which, in our opinion, have a determining role in the excess heat generation. We show raw data from three runs. It is concluded that this calorimeter is well adapted for such cold fusion investigation.

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Lonchampt, G., et al. Excess Heat Measurement with Patterson Type Cells. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

We have measured excess heat in a Patterson type cell doing electrolysis of light water in Li₂SO₄ with a cathode made of 0.6 mm nickel palladium beads and a platinum anode. The cell employed is similar to the CETI cell, the main difference being its increased diameter, allowing the use of more beads and a larger current with a relatively low current density. The experiment lasted 90 days. We show that a total excess energy of 800 kJ is produced, and cannot be explained by a chemical reaction. No nuclear ashes have been searched for at this stage.

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Lonchampt, G., et al. Excess Heat Measurement with Pons and Fleischmann Type Cells. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Abstract
 In experiments similar to the original Pons and Fleischmann description, we have done runs with palladium and platinum cathodes up to boiling in LiOD and Li₂SO₄. We show that up to 29% excess heat is produced at boiling, in accordance with our previous work, and in qualitative agreement with data obtained by Pons and Fleischmann but with lower magnitude. In addition we show that after boiling when the electrolyte is neutralized with sulfuric acid, excess heat is systematically observed at low temperature, even with platinum cathodes.

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Long, H. Q.

Long, H.Q., et al. Anomalous Effects in Deuterium/Metal Systems. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Long, H.Q., et al. The Anomalous Nuclear Effects Inducing by the Dynamic Low Pressure Gas Discharge in a Deuterium/Palladium System. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Long, H.

Long, H., et al. New Experimental Results of Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Metal Systems. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Longhurst, G. R.

Longhurst, G.R., T.J. Dolan, and G.L. Henriksen, An investigation of energy balances in palladium cathode electrolysis experiments. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 337.

Lopez

Lopez, et al., Gamma-radiation detection limits for electrochemically induced deuterium cold-fusion rates. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1992. 105: p. 987.

Lopez, E.

Lopez, E., et al. Search for Charged-Particle d-d Fusion Products in an Encapsulated Pd Thin Film. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Lorenzini, E.

Lorenzini, E., P. Tartarini, and M. Trentin, Cold fusion: status of the research. Tec. Ital., 1990. 55(1): p. 1 (in Italian).

Louis, E.

Louis, E., et al., Calculation of hydrogen-hydrogen potential energies and fusion rates in palladium hydride (PdxH2) clusters (x=2,4). Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 42: p. 4996.

Louthan, Jr, M. R.

Louthan, J., M. R., et al., Hydrogen Embrittlement of Metals. Mater. Sci. and Eng., 1972. 10: p. 357.

Lowther, J. E.

Lowther, J.E., Hot spots in palladium hydride and cold fusion. Suid-Afrik. Tydskr. Wetenskap, 1991. 87: p. 17.

Lpson, A. G.

Lpson, A.G., et al., Yield of nuclear fusion products from absorption of elastic energy in deuterated metals. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1992. 323(6): p. 1097 (in Russian).

Lu, R.

Lu, R., X-ray emission and cold nuclear fusion in glow discharge process of a kind of gas. Trends Nucl. Phys., 1995. 12(1): p. 44 (in Chinese).

Lu, R., Electron-ion bound state and it initiating a little nuclear fusion. High Power Laser Part. Beams, 1998. 10(2): p. 315 (in Chinese).

Lu, R. Some Problems in Solar Physics and Astrophysics. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Lu, R. A kind of new physical process and it role in solar physics amdastrophysics. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

Ludecki, C. M.

Ludecki, C.M., G. Deublein, and R.A. Huggins, Thermodynamic Characterization of Metal Hydrogen Systems by Assessment of Phase Diagrams and Electrochemical Measurements. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1987. 12: p. 81.

Luo, N.

Luo, N., et al. In-Situ Charactorization of Sputtered Pd Thin-Films Undergoing Electrolysis. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Beijing, China: Tsinghua University: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

Abstract
 In-situ measurements on the resistance and temperature variations of Pd thin films are carried out during electrolysis. The measurement is made possible by covering parts of the Pd films with a protective layer of thermal and electric insulators. Electrical contacts are made by using either silver epoxy or indium soldering. The resistance-loading curve deviates somewhat from the typical curve for a bulk Pd/H(D) system. The initial resistance increase shows a much faster hydrogen diffusion rate along the film axis than that observed in bulk systems. The characteristic resistance-loading curve is explained by the electronic band structures of Pd loaded with different H(D) fractions. An excess heat of 30% during the electrolysis process was detected using an open  calorimeter and a novel circuit switching methodology. The corresponding excess power density reaches 100 W/cm3.

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Luo, N., G.H. Miley, and A.G. Lipson. Modeling of Surface and Bulk Effects in Thin-Film Pd Cathodes and High Proton Loading. in AVS, ICMSC Conference. 2002. Cleveland, Ohio.

Abstract
Electronic structure modeling is carried out for bulk PdH system with implications for some surface effects. The calculation is performed under the frame work of density functional theory. The results provide new insight into the charge state of H inside Pd. The H is slightly negatively charged over the composition range studied in this paper, and the negative charge around the proton increases with an increasing loading in hydrogen. By studying the behavior of H at the “bridging” site, which is also important to surface configuration, this paper helps explain why the effective charge observed in H drift experiments is different from the static charge state.

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Luo, N., et al. Enhancement Of Nuclear Reactions Due To Screening Effects Of Core Electrons. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

Recent progress in understanding the screening effects of core level atomic electrons is summarized in this paper. Some preliminary results on core electron screening were reported before [1]. The studies focus on two types of nuclear reactions in some metal lattices: fusion between deuterons and also proton capture by medium and heavy lattice nuclei. In both reactions the energy of the light nuclear species, proton or deuteron, is on the KeV (1000 electron volts) scale, while that of heavy nuclei is essentially zero. A standard atomic code is used to obtain the core electron charge density and the potential profile in the metal atom. This Hartree-Fock-Slater type code was originally written by Herman and Skillman and later modified by others and available online. For the D-D reaction, the charge density obtained then gives an estimate on the screening length. The corresponding enhancement in Coulomb barrier tunneling can be obtained from this data.  For the proton capture reaction, an ion dynamic code written to simulate the motion of KeV protons in Pd/Ni lattice, CLAIRE, was modified to take into account the realistic atomic potential, including core electron contributions. In both cases, our result shows a significant nuclear reaction enhancement. The reaction rate calculated roughly matches the scale of excess heat observed in some metal hydride/deuteride experiments.

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Luo, N. and G.H. Miley. First-Principles Studies Of Ionic And Electronic Transport In Palladium Hydride. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

The transport properties of palladium hydride/deuteride are investigated using state-of-the-art density functional computational tools. This aspect of loaded hydride is important in that the resistance-loading curve is often used as a diagnostic in experiments to estimate the loading ratio. Understanding transport provides other important insights into some features of the nuclear reaction mechanism. This research involves both ionic and electronic degrees of freedom. For the ionic part, the focus is on the charge state of hydrogen/deuteron, in both a static and a dynamic (hopping) situation. Experiments show that hydrogen hops as fractional-charged positive ion in Pd lattice [1,2] while previous band structure calculations [3-5] always gave a negatively charged H in the ground state. This discrepancy is addressed in the current research and some results are already published [6]. The collective motion of ions is studied in the phonon structure and electron-phonon coupling constant using a perturbation density functional theory. The electronic part focuses on the density of state and the Fermi surface, which when combined with the electron-phonon coupling constant, determine the temperature and the H/D loading dependant resistivity curves. Our numerical results [7] qualitatively match experimental trends. The possible connections between this transport theory/mechanism and the non-equilibrium conditions required for excess heat are discussed.

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Lyakhov, B. F.

Lyakhov, B.F., et al., Anomalous heat release in the Pd/PdO system electrolytically saturated with hydrogen. Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1993. 67: p. 491.

Lynch, D. L.

Lynch, D.L., et al., Spectroscopic studies of surface and subsurface hydrogen/metal systems. J. Chem. Phys., 1992. 97(7): p. 5177.

Lynch, J. F.

Lynch, J.F. and T.B. Flanagan, An investigation of the dynamic equilibrium between chemisorbed and absorbed hydrogen in the palladium/hydrogen system. J. Phys. Chem., 1973. 77: p. 2628.

Lynch, J.F., J.D. Clewley, and T.B. Flanagan, The Formation of Voids in Palladium Metal by the Introduction and Removal of Interstital Hydrogen. Philos. Mag. A, 1973. 28: p. 1415.

Ma, Q.

Ma, Q., et al. The Analysis of the Neutron Emission from the Glow Discharge in Deuterium Gas Tube. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Ma, Q., et al. The Analysis of the Neutron Emission from the Glow Discharge in Deuterium Gas Tube. in ICCF4, Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Ma, Y. L.

Ma, Y.L., H.X. Yang, and X.X. Dai, Nuclear-fusion enhancement in condensed matter with impacting and screening. Europhys. Lett., 1993. 24: p. 305.

Ma, Y.

Ma, Y., H. Yang, and X. Dai, A theoretical study of the possibility of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter. Nucl. Fusion Plasma Phys., 1992. 12: p. 171 (in Chinese).

Maddox, J.

Maddox, J., End of Cold Fusion in Sight. Nature (London), 1989. 340: p. 15.

Maeland, A. J.

Maeland, A.J. and T.R.P. Gibb Jr., X-Ray Diffraction Observations of The Pd-H system Through the Critical Region. J. Phys. Chem., 1961. 65: p. 1270.

Magnouche, A.

Magnouche, A. and R. Fromageau, Hydrogen Dissolution in Palladium: A Resistometric Study Under Pressure. J. Appl. Phys., 1984. 56: p. 1617.

Maizza, G.

Maizza, G., et al., Study on deuterium absorption of Pd at high-pressure D2 gas and low temperatures. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1992. 14D: p. 27.

Malakoff, D.

Malakoff, D., DOE to Review Nuclear Grant. Science, 1999. 285: p. 505.

Malhotra, S. K.

Malhotra, S.K., M.S. Krishnan, and H.K. Sadhukhan, Material Balance of Tritium in Electrolysis of Heavy Water. 1989.

Mallove, E.

Mallove, E., MIT Urgent Media Advisory,. 1989.

Mallove, E., Fire From Ice. 1991, NY: John Wiley.

Here is the Preface and Prologue to the book Fire From Ice: Searching for the Truth Behind the Cold Fusion Furor by Eugene F. Mallove, a reprint of 1991 Edition, 338 pp., Paperback. It is available from Infinite Energy Press, P.O. box 2816, Concord, NH 03302-2816, www.infinite-energy.com

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Mallove, E., Cold Fusion: Still a Hot Topic? Phys. Today, 1994. March: p. 93.

Mallove, E., Alchemy Nightmare: Skeptic Finds Heavy Element Transmutation Cold Fusion Experiment! Infinite Energy, 1995. 1(2): p. 30.

At ICCF5 in April, EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute) cold fusion program direc­tor Dr. Tom Passell gave an overview of the cold fusion field. The biggest news from his talk, however, was the first public revelation of the results of the EPRI-funded work of physi­cist Dr. Kevin Wolf at Texas A&M University. This research occurred back in 1992, but oth­ers—including Dr. Wolf—have since tried to keep these results from surfacing. Why?

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Mallove, E., Excess heat in cavitation devices: World-wide testing reports. Infinite Energy, 1995. 1(3): p. 16.

Mallove, E. and J. Rothwell. Preliminary Assessment of the "Kinetic Furnace" of Kinetic Heating Systems, Inc.ÛAn Apparently Excess Energy Producing Technology Employing Unknown Non-Chemical Reactions of Water in Contact With Metals. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Mallove, E. and J. Rothwell. Preliminary Assessment of the "Kinetic Furnace" of Kinetic Heating Systems, Inc.óAn Apparently Excess Energy Producing Technology Employing Unknown Non-Chemical Reactions of Water in Contact With Metals. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Mallove, E., Preliminary confirmation test of Dr. Leslie Case's catalytic fusion process. 1998.

Mallove, E., MIT Special Report. Infinite Energy, 1999. 4(24): p. 64.

MIT has played an extraordinary role in the history of cold fusion. By acts of commission and omission it continues to do so. On the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the startling announcement by Drs. Fleischmann and Pons on March 23, 1989, it is imperative that Infinite Energy explore the major role of MIT in shaping the history of the investigation of cold fusion.

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Mallove, E., Progress in catalytic fusion. Infinite Energy, 1999. 4(23): p. 9.

Mallove, E. and J. Rothwell, The pseudoscientists of APS. Infinite Energy, 1999. 5(25): p. 23.

Mallove, E., The strange birth of the water fuel age: The cold fusion "miracle" was no mistake. 2000.

Mallove, E., The triumph of alchemy: Professor John Bockris and the transmutation crisis at Texas A&M. Infinite Energy, 2000. 6(32): p. 9.

Mallove, E. LENR and "Cold Fusion" Excess Heat: Their Relation to Other Anomalous Microphysical Energy Experiments and Emerging New Energy Technologies. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

This paper is at:
 http://www.infinite-energy.com/resources/iccf10.html
 It begins:
 During the past 15 years, indisputable experimental evidence has built up for substantial excess heat (far beyond ordinary chemical energy) and low-energy nuclear reaction phenomena in specialized heavy hydrogen and ordinary hydrogen-containing systems.¹ The primary theorists in the field that is properly designated Cold Fusion/LENR have generally assumed that the excess heat phenomena is commensurate with nuclear ash (such as helium), whether already identified or presumed to be present but not yet found. That was an excellent initial hypothesis. However, the commensurate nuclear ash hypothesis has not been proved, and appears to be approximately correct in only a few experiments. During this same period, compelling evidence— although not as broadly verified as data from cold fusion/LENR— has also emerged for other microphysical sources of energy that were previously unexpected by accepted physics. . . .

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Maly, J. A.

Maly, J.A. and J. Vavra, Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 307.

Maly, J.A. and J. Vavra, Response to 'Comments on 'Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I''. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 112.

Maly, J.A. and J. Vavra, Electron Transitions on Deep Dirac Levels II. Fusion Technol., 1995. 27: p. 59.

Maly, J.A. and J. Vavra, Reply to 'Letter to the Editor' Fusion Technol. 27, 348 [1995]". Fusion Technol., 1996. 30: p. 386.

Mamyrin, B. A.

Mamyrin, B.A., L.V. Khabarin, and V.S. Yudenich, Anomalously High Isotope Ratio in Helium in Technical-Grade Metals and Semiconductors. Sov. Phys. Dokl., 1978. 23: p. 581.

Manduchi, C.

Manduchi, C., et al., Anomalous effects during the interaction of subatmospheric D2(H2) with Pd from 900C to room temperature. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1994. 107 A: p. 171.

Manduchi, C., et al., Electric-field effects on the neutron emission from Pd deuteride samples. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1995. 108: p. 1187.

Manuel, A. J.

Manuel, A.J. and J.M.P. St Quinton, The magnetic susceptibility of palladium and palladium-rhodium alloys from 1.85 to 293ÅK. Proc. Royal Soc London, A, 1963. 273: p. 412.

Manuel, A.J. and J.M.P. St Quinton, The magnetic susceptibility of palladium and palladium-rhodium alloys from 1.85 to 293K. Proc. Royal Soc London, A, 1963. 273: p. 412.

Maoka, T.

Maoka, T. and M. Enyo, Hydrogen Absorption by Palladium Electrode Polarized in Sulfuric Acid Solution Containing Surface Active Substances- I. The Cathodic Region. Electrochim. Acta, 1981. 26(5): p. 607.

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Marcus, H.L., AES Examination of CF Samples. 1990: letter.

Marcus, M.

Marcus, M., Cold fusion research is alive and well - but not in the mass media. St. Louis Journalism Rev., 1993. 22(153): p. 16.

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Marinelli, M., et al., Heat release from deuterated titanium-iron (TiFe) or lanthanum-nickel (LaNi5) on exposure to the air. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1989. 102: p. 959.

Marini, P.

Marini, P., et al., Protocollo innovativo per l' ipercaricamento di catodi di Palladio con Idrogeno messo a punto all'INFN di Frascati, in 21mo Secolo. 1999.

Review in Italian.
 L'articolo espone, in linguaggio non strettamente specialistico, i risultati più recenti di una parte dell’attività sperimentale effettuata presso i Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare.

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Marion, J. B.

Marion, J.B., et al., A Versatile, High Efficiency 4 pi Neutron Detector. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1960. 8: p. 297.

Marmigi, A.

Marmigi, A., et al. Anomalous heat Generation by surface oxidized Pd wires in a hydrogen atmosphere. in 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals. 2007. Sicily, Italy.

Martin, S. E.

Martin, S.E., Using expert sources in breaking science stories: A comparison of magazine types. Journalism Quarterly, 1991. 68: p. 179.

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Martynov, M.I., A.I. Mel'dianov, and A.M. Chepovskii, Experiments on the detection of nuclear reaction products in deuterated metals. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Termoyader Sintez, 1991(2): p. 77 (in Russian).

Marwan, J

Marwan, J. and S. Krivit, eds. Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook. 2008, Oxford University Press.

Marwan, J., Study of the Nanostructured Palladium Hydride System, in Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook, J. Marwan and S. Krivit, Editors. 2008, Oxford University Press.

Mas, F.

Mas, F., et al., Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration. J. Chem. Phys., 1990. 93: p. 6118.

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Massaron, M. and F. Lamperti, La fusione fredda (Cold fusion). Tecnol. Chim., 1990. 10(4): p. 98 (in Italian).

Mastromatteo, U.

Mastromatteo, U. Very Thin Nickel Layers Heated Over Curie Temperature Show High Temperature Spots in Hydrogen Loading Experiments. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Mastromatteo, U. An Energy Amplifier Device. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Mathews, C. K.

Mathews, C.K., et al., On the possibility of nuclear fusion by the electrolysis of heavy water. Indian J. Technol., 1989. 27: p. 229.

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Mathur, M.S., et al. Recent Modifications to the Manitoba Deuterium Implantation Accelerator and a Study of the Properties of the Online Neutron Monitor Detector. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Matschele, T.

Matschele, T. and R. Kirchheim, Hydrogen as a Probe for the Average Thickness of a Grain Boundary. Scr. Metall., 1987. 21: p. 1101.

Matsuda, J. I.

Matsuda, J.I., T. Matsumoto, and K. Nagao, An attempt to detect (3)He from the cold nuclear fusion. J. Geochem., 1990. 24: p. 379.

Matsui, K.

Matsui, K. New Hydrogen Energy (NHE) Research Project in Japan. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Matsui, K., et al. Excess Heat Measurement and Nuclear Detection Experiments in the NHE Program. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Matsumoto, O.

Matsumoto, O., et al., Detection of neutrons in electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O solution by means of fission track method. Denki Kagaku, 1990. 58: p. 147.

Matsumoto, O., et al., Detection of tritium in cathode materials after the electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O solution. Denki Kagaku, 1990. 58: p. 471.

Matsumoto, O., et al. Tritium Production Rate. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Matsumoto, O., et al. Detection of Neutron and Tritium during Electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O Solution. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Matsumoto, T.

Matsumoto, T., 'Nattoh' model for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 532.

Matsumoto, T., Cold fusion observed with ordinary water. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 490.

Matsumoto, T., Observation of new particles emitted during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 356.

Matsumoto, T., Prediction of new particle emission on cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 647.

Matsumoto, T. Progress of NATTOH Model and New Particles Emitted During Cold Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Matsumoto, T., Microscopic observations of palladium used for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 567.

Matsumoto, T. and K. Kurokawa, Observation of heavy elements produced during explosive cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 323.

Matsumoto, T., Observation of quad-neutrons and gravity decay during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 2125.

Matsumoto, T., Interference Phenomena Observed During Cold Fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 179.

Matsumoto, T., Observation of gravity decays of multiple-neutron nuclei during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 164.

Matsumoto, T., Observation of stars produced during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 518.

Matsumoto, T. Review for "Nottoh" Model and Experimental Findings during Cold Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Matsumoto, T., Searching for tiny black holes during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 281.

Matsumoto, T. Cold Fusion Experiments by Using Electrical Discharge in Water. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Matsumoto, T., Cold fusion experiments with ordinary water and thin nickel foil. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 296.

Matsumoto, T., Experiments of one-point cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 332.

Matsumoto, T., Observation of meshlike traces on nuclear emulsions during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 103.

Matsumoto, T., Response to 'Comments on 'Experiments of one-point cold fusion''. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 347.

Matsumoto, T., Two Proposals Concerning Cold Fusion. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 1337.

Matsumoto, T., Artificial Ball-Lightning. Photographs of Cold Fusion. 1995.

Matsumoto, T. Cold Fusion Experiments Using Sparking Discharges in Water. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Matsumoto, T., Extraordinary Traces Produced during Pulsed Discharge in Water. Bull. Faculty of Eng., Hokkaido Univ,, 1995. 175.

Matsumoto, T., Mechanisms of cold fusion: Comprehensive explanations by the Nattoh model. Mem. Fac. Eng. Hokkaido Univ., 1995. 19(2): p. 201.

Matsumoto, T. Extraordinary traces on nuclear emulsions obtained during the Matsumae earthquakes in 1996. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Matsumoto, T. Carbon Tubes and Films Produced in a Lead Electrode. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Matsumoto, T., Comments on "Evidence of micrometre-sized plasmoid emission during electrolysis cold fusion. Fusion Sci. & Technol., 2001. 40: p. 108.

Matsumoto, T. Cold fusion like phenomena in natural fields. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

Matsunaka, M.

Matsunaka, M., et al. Studies of coherent deuteron fusion and related nuclear reactions in solid. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China.

In order to induce coherent deuteron fusion in metal-deuteride, three kinds of experiments have been performed.　In the closed type D2O /Pd electrolysis experiment, significant amount of helium-4 atom was detected in upper gas of electrolysis cell and inside the palladium cathode by QMS analysis. In the discharge type electrolysis experiment, anomalous elements were detected on the surface of cathode palladium by PIXE analysis after experiment. The detected elements are iron and zinc. Under electron beam irradiation to highly D-loaded palladium, anomalous spectra were taken in X-ray measurement.

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Matsunami, N.

Matsunami, N., Solid state effects on tunnelling probability for d+d nuclear fusion at room temperature. Radiat. Effects Defects Solids, 1990. 112: p. 181.

Matsunami, N. A Mechanism for Cold Nuclear Fusion: Barrier Reduction by Screening Under Transient Coherent Flow of Deuterium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Matsuzaki, A.

Matsuzaki, A., T. Nishina, and I. Uchida, In situ low incident angle XRD technique with electrochemical methods. Application to deuterium charging into palladium cathode. Hyomen Gijutsu, 1994. 45: p. 106.

Mayer, F. J.

Mayer, F.J., J.S. King, and J.R. Reitz, Nuclear fusion from crack-generated particle acceleration. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 269.

Mayer, F.J., Comments on 'Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion'. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 511.

Mayer, F.J. and J.R. Reitz, Nuclear energy release in metals. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 552.

Mayer, F.J. and J.R. Reitz, On very low energy hydrogenic nuclear reactions. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 367.

Mayer, F.J. and J.R. Reitz. Summary of Progress in Hydron Physics. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Mayer, F.J. and J.R. Reitz, Response to 'Comments on "Nuclear energy release in metals"'. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 95.

Mayer, R. E.

Mayer, R.E., et al., Neutron detection system for extremely low count rate. Calculation, construction and employment in search for 'cold fusion'. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1993. 324: p. 501.

Mazitov, R. K.

Mazitov, R.K., On the detection of cold nuclear fusion. Koord. Khim., 1989. 15(9): p. 1294 (in Russian).

Mazitov, R.K., Possibility of nuclear transformation in chemical reactions. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1989. 307: p. 1158 (in Russian).

Mazzetti, P.

Mazzetti, P. Basic Concepts on the Theory of the Magnetic Properties of Solids. in Magnetic Properties of Matter. 1986. Villa Gualino, Turin: World Scientific.

Mazzolai, F. M.

Mazzolai, F.M., P.G. Bordoni, and F.A. Lewis, Elastic Energy Dissipation Effects in the Palladium-Hydrogen System. J. Less-Common Met., 1980. 74: p. 137.

McAllister, J. W.

McAllister, J.W., Competition among scientific disciplines in cold nuclear fusion research. Science in Context, 1992. 5: p. 17.

McBreen, J.

McBreen, J., Absorption of electrolytic hydrogen and deuterium by Pd: the effect of cyanide adsorption. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 287: p. 279.

McCevoy, A. J.

McCevoy, A.J. and C.T.D. O'Sullivan, Cold fusion: what's going on? Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 711.

McCracken, D. R.

McCracken, D.R., et al., In search of nuclear fusion in electrolytic cells and in metal/gas systems. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 121.

McCracken, G. M.

McCracken, G.M., et al., Experimental search for 'cold fusion' in the deuterium-titanium system. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 1990. 23: p. 469.

McDonald, K. A.

McDonald, K.A., Energy Department Panel Remains Unconvinced by New Claims of Room-Temperature Fusion. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 1989: p. A1.

McDonald, K.A., Claims of Proponents of Cold Fusion Still Spark Controversy a Year Later. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 1990.

McFee, R. W.

McFee, R.W., Review of ICCF1, Proceedings of the First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990.

McIntyre, R.

McIntyre, R. Proposal for an Experiment designed to seek evidence for cold fusion. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

In experiments carried out in 1990 to investigate the application of the gas phase as a medium for cold fusion, a Pd vessel was exposed to deuterium gas, dissociated in an electric discharge at between -10 and -20 degrees C. The thickness of the metal was about one millimeter. In the first of a number of experiments positive indications of fusion were observed but these could not be repeated in subsequent experiments. The inability to repeat results has been found to occur in other cold fusion experiments and signifies that the processes involved are not understood (1). Since 1990, a number of results have been obtained which may put these earlier failures in a new light. In particular, the discovery by Miles (2), who reported positive results during electrolysis from 6mm thick rod after failure with Pd electrodes one mm thick. This introduces the bulk of the metal as a possible factor in the occurrence of cold fusion. Another noticeable feature of the absorption of deuterium in Pd is the obvious signs of cold work done on the metal. The surface is roughened, cracks appear and measurements show an apparent 15% increase in volume. With these factors in mind, a hypothesis has been formulated which seeks to explain how this might influence the process of cold fusion.

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McKee, J. S. C.

McKee, J.S.C., et al. Neutron Emission from Low-Energy Deuteron Injection of Deuteron-Implanted Metal Foils (Pd, Ti, and In). in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

McKee, J.S.C., et al., The role of fractofusion in the creation of anomalies in neutron production from deuterium-implanted solids. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 1992. 67: p. 448.

McKee, S. G.

McKee, S.G., J.P. Magennis, and F.A. Lewis, Hydrogen Isotope Distribution Equilibria in the Pd/H2-H2O System. Surf. Technol., 1982. 16: p. 175.

McKee, S.G., et al., The Establishment of Equilibria in the Pd-H2-D2-H2O-D2O System. J. Less-Common Met., 1983. 89: p. 475.

McKibben, J L.

McKibben, J.L., Strange-particle catalysis in the production of COH2 gas or iron. Infinite Energy, 1996. 2(11): p. 37.

McKibben, J.L., Catalytic behavior of one (or two) subquarks bound to their nuclear hosts. Infinite Energy, 1997. 3(13/14): p. 103.

McKibben, J.L., Recent observations that yield information on catalytic particles. Infinite Energy, 1998. 4(20): p. 70.

McKibben, J. L.

McKibben, J.L., Can particles having both fractional electric charge and color charge with 1/r2 force be in existence since the big bang? 1989.

McKibben, J.L., Evidence for three primordially created particles and can one of them catalyze cold fusion? 1989.

McKibben, J.L., Explanation of low-intensity cold fusion. 1990.

McKibben, J.L., Passed-Over Evidence for Fractionally-Charged Particles with Associated Color Change. 1990.

McKibben, J.L., Can Cold Fusion be Catalyzed by Fractionally-Charged Ions that have Evaded FC Particle Searches. Infinite Energy, 1995. 1(4): p. 14.

McKibben, J.L., The missed fractionally-charged particles. 1995.

McKibben, J.L., Design of a nuclear-powered steam engine or jet for space propulsion. 1998.

McKibben, J.

McKibben, J., Particles as Standing Waves in a Superdense Aether. 1994.

McKubre, M. C. H.

McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Calorimetry and Electrochemistry in the D/Pd System. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

Experiments have been performed to examine the anomalous effects associated with the D/Pd system, and to discover some of the experimental variables that might be important to the effects. Experiments were concerned with calorimetry of the D/Pd system, but also monitored those experimental variables that might be important in causing the effects: the D/Pd ratio and its rate of change, interfacial phenomena such as the reduction of D₂O, or reduction of contaminant species.
 
Two types of calorimeters were employed: a differential calorimeter and a flow calorimeter. In both of these instruments the electrochemical cell was pressurized with D₂ gas to 60 atm. The calorimeters were designed to facilitate on-line measurement of the resistance of the Pd cathode, and for high quality measurements of the interfacial impedance. In both calorimeters the electrochemical system has produced evidence of heat output appearing in bursts, apparently in excess of known input power source. . . .

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McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Isothermal Flow Calorimetric Investigations of the D/Pd System. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

INTRODUCTION
An experimental program was undertaken to explore the central idea proposed by Fleischmann et al. that heat, and possibly nuclear products, could be created in palladium lattices under electrolytic conditions

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McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Excess Power Observations in Electrochemical Studies of the D/Pd System; The Influence of Loading. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

ABSTRACT
 Excess power measurements have been carried out on a deuterium-based electrochemical system of novel design. The excess power generation is reported as a function of electrochemical current and cathode loading. A phenomenological model for excess power production is introduced and briefly discussed.

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McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Loading, Calorimeteric and Nuclear Investigation of the D/Pd System. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

McKubre, M.C.H., et al. An overview of excess heat production in feuterated palladium system. in IECEC Conference. 1994. Monterey, CA.

McKubre, M.C.H., et al., Development of Advanced Concepts for Nuclear Processes in Deuterated Metals. 1994, EPRI.

EPRI has given us permission to upload selected pages from this report. We include:
 The cover sheet
Report Summary
Table of contents
Introduction, pages 1 – 3.
A sample of text from chapter 3, including a table of the experiments discussed in that chapter
Chapter 5, Summary and Discussion
  The complete report was originally available at the address shown below. It is 128 pages on paper plus 342 pages on microfiche. The cost is $200.

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McKubre, M.C.H., et al., Isothermal Flow Calorimetric Investigations of the D/Pd and H/Pd Systems. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994. 368: p. 55.

Abstract
 
Isothermal calorimetric studies of the D/Pd and H/Pd systems have been carried out at high deuterium (hydrogen) loadings (i.e. [D(H)]/[Pd] > 0.9) at approximately 30°C. Under these conditions, the generation of “excess power” was observed in a series of deuterium-based experiments, but not in a hydrogen-based experiment. The results of these experiments enable several (tentative) conclusions to be reached concerning the conditions necessary for the reproducible observation of this anomalous thermal effect.

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McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Concerning Reproducibility of Excess Power Production. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

McKubre, M.C.H., et al. New Hydrogen Energy Research at SRI. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

McKubre, M.C.H., et al., Energy Production Processes In Deuterated Metals. 1998, EPRI: Palo Alto.

McKubre, M.C.H. and F.L. Tanzella. Materials Issues of Loading Deuterium into Palladium and the Association with Excess Heat Production. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Abstract
The ability of palladium cathodes to attain and maintain high loading levels, at high current density and for long times, is controlled by two factors: the condition of the electrochemical interface which allows the attainment of high deuterium activity; the defect density and mechanical condition of the bulk material which permits the Pd lattice to withstand and contain high bulk deuterium activities when these equilibrate to produce extreme pressures of deuterium gas inside closed incipient voids within the metal.  
Examples are given from a set of 26 intentionally similar current ramps which show three distinct Modes of loading performance: Mode A - a linear decrease of Pd resistance, beyond the resistance maximum, with logarithmic increase in electrochemical current; Mode B - an initial log-linear decrease on the Mode A trajectory, followed by a rapid increase in resistance when the resistance falls below a critical value; Mode C -  a shallow decrease in resistance with approximately symmetric increase as the [log] current density is increased beyond a threshold value similar to that for Mode B. Mode A is most frequently associated with the appearance of calorimetrically determined excess heat.

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McKubre, M.C.H., S. Crouch-Baker, and F.L. Tanzella, Conditions for the observation of excess power in the D/Pd system. 1999.

McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Finite Element Modeling of the Transient Colorimetric Behavior of the MATRIX Experimental Apparatus: 4He and Excess of Power Production Correlation through Numerical Results. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

McKubre, M.C.H., et al. The Emergence of a Coherent Explanation for Anomalies Observed in D/Pd and H/Pd System: Evidence for 4He and 3He Production. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Introduction
            Numerous observations have been made of apparent anomalies in carefully performed experimental studies of D/Pd and H/Pd systems.  Such anomalies include:  prompt emission of electrons and charged particles; unexplained heat in excess of known input sources; the residual presence of light elements (notably ³H, ³He and ⁴He); the possible occurrence of isotope anomalies in higher mass elements (including the host metal); unusual electrical conductance effects both stable and transient (not discussed in this paper).  The features that unify these apparently disparate observations are the common elements of the needed experimental stimuli, and the requirement for extended lattice coherent processes in any obvious explanation.

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McKubre, M.C.H. Closing comments summerizing the status and progress of experimental studies. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

McKubre summarizes his impressions and reports on experiments at the ICCF-9 conference, Beijing, China, 2002.

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McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Progress towards replication. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

ABSTRACT
A collaborative effort has been established formally between SRI International in Menlo Park, California, and ENEA (Frascati) in Italy.  In addition to providing a framework for an International replication effort, this collaboration is intended to focus the complementary skills of the two laboratories on carefully selected problems of Pd/D studies.

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McKubre, M.C.H. Review of experimental measurements involving dd reactions (PowerPoint slides). in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

PowerPoint slides presented at the Short Course on LENR for ICCF-10, August 25, 2003.

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McKubre, M.C.H. The Need for Triggering in Cold Fusion Reactions. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

It has long been recognized that initiation of the cold fusion heat effect observed in heavy water electrolysis at palladium cathodes requires simultaneous attainment of three conditions: (i) high loading or chemical potential of D within the Pd lattice; (ii) an initiation time at least ten times larger than the D diffusion time constant: (iii) a minimum or threshold electrochemical surface current or current density that is not correlated to the bulk D loading. In 1995 a fourth condition was added with the recognition [5] that (iv) deuterium flux plays an important role in determining the excess heat power density.

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McKubre, M.C.H. and F. Tanzella. Using resistivity to measure H/Pd and D/Pd loading: method and significance. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

The resistance ratio method is the most frequent technique used to determine the extent of interstitial loading of hydrogen or deuterium atoms into palladium electrodes, or extended structures used in electrolytic or gas phase cold fusion experiments. Specifically, advantage is taken of an empirical relationship between the measured resistance, R, normalized to that of the same body at the same temperature in the absence of hydrogen isotope, R°, hence R/R°, and the atomic fraction occupancy of octahedral interstitials, x = H/Pd or D/Pd. This method was first suggested and employed in cold fusion studies by the present authors [1], and received immediate and widespread acceptance because of the ease with which this experimental technique could be used to make insitu, real-time measurements of a parameter, D/Pd, anticipated [2] or hypothesized [3-6] at that time to relate to cold fusion heat excess or nuclear production.

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McKubre, M.C.H. Cold Fusion at SRI (PowerPoint slides). in APS March Meeting. 2007. Denver, CO.

Cold Fusion at SRI
An 18 Year Retrospective
(and brief Prospective)

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McKubre, M.C.H. and F. Tanzella. Mass Flow Calorimetry. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

Discussion of the Mass Flow first principles calorimeter in this paper is based primarily on the analysis and experience gained at SRI in answering the question: “is there a Fleischmann Pons heat effect (FPE)”? Subsequently other mass flow calorimeters, or more generically heat balance calorimeters, were designed to answer this same question and some comment will be directed to the technical differences resulting from different design philosophies, specifically those designed and operated by ENEA, and Energetics Technologies.
Discussion will be undertaken of ideal and non-ideal calorimeter operation, design principles and practical implementation including long and short term accuracy and sensitivity as well as limitations of heat balance calorimeters as the vehicle chosen to study the FPE.

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McKubre, M.C.H., et al., Replication of Condensed Matter Heat Production, in Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook, J. Marwan and S. Krivit, Editors. 2008, Oxford University Press.

McKubre, M.C.H. The Importance of Replication. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

Much discussion in the Condensed Matter Nuclear Science or “Cold Fusion” fields centers on the subject of replication. It is a topic that comes up in essentially every conversation about the Fleischmann Pons Effect (FPE). Assembled here is a set of essentially personal views on this subject of replication.

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McKubre, M.C.H., F. Tanzella, and V. Violante. The Significance of Replication (PowerPoint slides). in American Physical Society Meeting. 2008. New Orleans.

What have we learned in 18 years of experiments performed at SRI, about the experimental conditions for success and reasons for failed replication?

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McNally, J. R.

McNally, J.R., On the possibility of a nuclear mass-energy resonance in deuterium + deuterium reactions at low energy. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 237.

McNeil, J. A.

McNeil, J.A. Relativistic Hyperfine Interaction and the Spence-Vary Resonance. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Mebrahtu, T.

Mebrahtu, T., et al., Observations on the surface composition of palladium cathodes after D2O electrolysis in LiOD solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 267: p. 351.

Melendez, L.

Melendez, L., et al., Titanium deuteration with neutron emission through electrical discharges. Fusion Technol., 1998. 35: p. 71.

Melich, M. E.

Melich, M.E. and W.N. Hansen. Some Lessons from 3 Years of Electrochemical Calorimetry. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

An analysis of the time series data from the 16 Harwell FPH electrochemical cells is being conducted. Using generally accepted calorimetric principles and detailed numerical analysis, the behavior of “cold fusion” output data is used to estimate the instrumental sensitivity and the time varying accuracy of the results of the experiments. In Harwell’s D₂O Cell 3 there are more than ten time intervals where an unexplained power source or energy storage mechanism may be operating. A comparison to a previous analysis of Pons and Fleischmann data is made.

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Melich, M.E. and W.N. Hansen. Back to the Future, The Fleischmann-Pons Effect in 1994. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Abstract
From its initial public announcement on 23 March 1989, the Fleischmann-Pons Effect (FPE) has been attributed to:
nuclear fusion
nuclear fission
exotic chemistry
some previously unidentified law of nature
instrumental error.
 Highly public as well as private efforts were made in 1989 to decide if an FPE existed and if so, what caused it. This paper reevaluates some of the factual bases for the scientific and management judgments of 1989 with the advantage of what has been learned after four years of worldwide experimentation and analysis. We conclude that there is an FPE and its signature is heat. Data existed in 1989 that could have lead to this conclusion. The source of the excess heat is still not understood. Scientific progress was not made through this debate, which was largely uninformed by appropriate experimentation, and patent considerations may have played a determining role in the scientific progress associated with the FPE.

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Mellican, R. E.

Mellican, R.E., From fusion frenzy to fraud: Reflections on science and its cultural norms. Bull. Sci. Tech. Soc., 1992. 12: p. 1.

Mendes, R. V.

Mendes, R.V., Ergodic motion and near collisions in a Coulomb system. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1991. 5: p. 1179.

Mengoli, G.

Mengoli, G., et al., The observation of tritium in the electrolysis of D2O at palladium sheet electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 304: p. 279.

Mengoli, G., et al. Tritium and Neutron Emission in Conventional and Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis of D2O at Pd and Ti Cathodes. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Mengoli, G., et al., Tritium and neutron emission in D2O electrolysis at Pd and Ti cathodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 322: p. 107.

Mengoli, G., et al., Surface and bulk effects in the extraction of hydrogen from highly loaded Pd sheet electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 350: p. 57.

Mengoli, G., et al., Absorption-desorption of deuterium at Pd95%-Rh5% alloy. I: Environment and temperature effects. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 390: p. 135.

Mengoli, G., et al., Absorption-desorption of deuterium at Pd95%-Rh5% alloy. II: Neutron emission. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 395: p. 249.

Mengoli, G., et al. The nickel-K2CO3, H2O system: an electrochemical and calorimetric examination. in Asti Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Metals. 1997: Societa Italiana Di Fisica.

Mengoli, G., et al., Anomalous heat effects correlated with electrochemical hydriding of nickel. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1998. 20 D: p. 331.

Mengoli, G., et al., Calorimetry close to the boiling temperature of the D2O/Pd electrolytic system. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1998. 444: p. 155.

Menlove, H. O.

Menlove, H.O., et al. Measurement of Neutron Emission From Cylinders Containing Titanium With Pressurized Deuterium Gas. in Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989. Santa Fe, NM,.

Menlove, H.O. and J.D. Watkins, Trip Report to ERAB Meeting --Washington,D.C. 21-22 June 1989. 1989.

Menlove, H.O. High-Sensitivity Measurements of Neutron Emission From Ti Metal in Pressurized D2 Gas. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

Menlove, H.O., et al., Measurement of neutron emission from Ti and Pd in pressurized D2 gas and D2O electrolysis cells. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 495.

Menlove, H.O. and M.C. Miller, Neutron-burst detectors for cold-fusion experiments. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1990. 299: p. 10.

Menlove, H.O., et al. Reproducible Neutron Emission Measurements From Ti Metal in Pressurized D2 Gas. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

ABSTRACT
 During the past year, we have measured neutron emission from samples of titanium (Ti) metal and sponge in pressurized D₂ gas. In January 1990, we improved our sample preparation procedure and our detector sensitivity level so that the neutron-emission measurements are now reproducible, but not yet predictable. We have measured excess neutron emission from the majority of our most recent samples using our high-sensitivity neutron detectors. The improved sensitivity in our new detector system was obtained by using low-radioactive-background stainless steel tubes, a small detector volume with high efficiency, and additional cosmic-ray shielding. Our most sensitive detector consists of two independent segments making up inner and outer rings of 3He tubes. The combined total efficiency is 44%. In addition to inner and outer ring segments, we have three separate detector systems operating in parallel control experiments to monitor environmental change. We have measured neutron bursts from a variety of samples containing Ti metal and D₂ gas. The low-multiplicity bursts, emitting from 2 to 10 n, occur much more frequently than the higher multiplicity bursts. By measuring high-mass samples (300 g Ti) over several weeks, with many liquid nitrogen temperature cycles, we have detected neutron emission above the background from most of the samples with a significance level of 3 to 9 σ.

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Menlove, H.O., et al., The measurement of neutron emission from Ti plus D2 gas. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 215.

Menlove, H.O., et al. Low-background Measurements of Neutron Emission from Ti Metal in Pressurized Deuterium Gas. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

ABSTRACT
 A wide variety of neutron detector systems have been used at vari­ous research facilities to search for anomalous neutron emission from deuterated metals. Some of these detector systems are summarized here together with possible sources of spurious signals from electronic noise. During the past two years, we have performed experiments to measure neutron emission from pressurized D₂ gas mixed with various forms of titanium metal chips and sponge. Details concerning the neutron detec­tors, experimental procedures, and results have been reported previ­ously. Our recent experiments have focused on increasing the low-level neutron emission and finding a way to trigger the emission. To improve our detection sensitivity, we have increased the shielding in our count­ing laboratory, changed to low-background ³He tubes, and set up addi­tional detector systems in deep underground counting stations. This re­port is an update on this experimental work.

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Merriman, B.

Merriman, B. and P. Burchard, An attempted replication of the CETI cold fusion experiment. 1996.

Meyerhof, W. E.

Meyerhof, W.E. Statistical Analysis of a Cold Fusion Experiment. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Meyerhof, W.E., Statistical Analysis of a 'Cold Fusion' experiment. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1991. 153: p. 391.

Miao, B.

Miao, B., Experimental exploration on possible mechanism of D-D cold fusion in titanium lattice. Xibei Shifan Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban, 1994. 30: p. 44 (in Chinese).

Miao, B., Experimental exploration on the possible mechanism of D-D cold fusion in titanium lattice. Xibei Shifan Xuebao. Ziran Kexueban, 1994. 30(1): p. 39 (in Chinese).

Michrowski, A.

Michrowski, A., Advanced transmutation processes and their application for the decontamination of radioactive nuclear waste. J. New Energy, 1996. 1(3): p. 122.

Middleton, R.

Middleton, R., J. Klein, and D. Fink, Tritium measurements with a tandem accelerator. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 1990. 47: p. 409.

Miles, M.

Miles, M., K.H. Park, and D.E. Stilwell, Electrochemical calorimetric evidence for cold fusion in the palladium-deuterium system. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 296: p. 241.

Miles, M., K.H. Park, and D.E. Stilwell. Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies of the Cold Fusion Effect. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

Several types of calorimetric cell designs were used in attempts to measure excess enthalpy during the electrolysis of LiOD/D₂O using palladium cathodes. Control experiments were run by using light water in place of D₂O or by using platinum cathodes in place of palladium. Initial experiments using thin palladium cathodes of an unknown purity gave no significant differences between the Pd/D2O cells and the controls. For example, the ratio of heat out to Joule heat in was 1.00 ±0.04 for one study and 1.065 ±0.04 for another study in LiOD/D₂O compared to 1.075 ±0.07 in LiOH/H₂O. The use of a much thicker palladium rod (99.96%, d = 0.635 cm) from Johnson Matthey, however, resulted in calorimetric evidence for excess enthalpy in five out of six cells. The excess rate of heating averaged 0.39 W/cm3 over a 9-day period in one experiment. The total excess enthalpy observed was 110,000 J. This excess enthalpy is difficult to explain by chemical reactions. Similar experiments conducted in H₂O did not produce significant amounts of excess enthalpy. Possible experimental errors in these calorimetric studies are being investigated.

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Miles, M. and R.E. Miles, Theoretical neutron flux levels, dose rates, and metal foil activation in electrochemical cold fusion experiments. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 295: p. 409.

Miles, M., et al. Heat and Helium Production in Cold Fusion Experiments. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Miles, M. and B.F. Bush. Calorimetric Principles and Problems in Pd-D2O Electrolysis. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

ABSTRACT
Most of the laboratories involved with the question of excess enthalpy in Pd-D₂O electrolysis experiments have employed isoperibolic calorimetric techniques. A careful re-examination of earlier results from several laboratories (California Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harwell Laboratory) is needed in terms of our present understanding of electrochemical calorimetry. Error sources in their experiments are discussed. There is possible evidence for excess power production in the Pd-D₂O electrolysis experiments at one of these laboratories.
A significant experimental problem in many isoperibolic calorimetric studies is the fact that the decrease in the electrolyte level due to electrolysis produces a significant decrease in the calorimetric cell constant if the temperature is measured in the electrolyte of the electrochemical cell. Furthermore, heat conduction pathways out of the top of the cell can produce large errors, especially at low power levels. There is no steady state in electrochemical calorimetry, hence accurate results require the evaluation of all terms in the differential equation governing the calorimeter.

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Miles, M. and C.P. Jones, Cold fusion experimenter Miles responds to critic. 21st Century Sci. & Technol., 1992. Spring: p. 75.

Miles, M. and B.F. Bush. Search for Anomalous Effects Involving Excess Power and Helium During D2O Electrolysis Using Palladium Cathodes. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Miles, M., et al., Correlation of excess power and helium production during D2O and H2O electrolysis using palladium cathodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 346: p. 99.

Abstract
A critical issue in determining whether or not the anomalous effects that occur during D₂O electrolysis are of nuclear origin is the measurement of nuclear products in amounts sufficient to explain the rate of excess enthalpy generation. Calorimetric evidence of excess power up to 27% was measured during the electrolysis of heavy water using palladium cathodes. Maximum excess power was 0.52 W (1.5 W/cm³) at 250 mA/cm². Eight electrolysis gas samples collected during episodes of excess power production in two identical cells and analysed by mass spectrometry showed the presence of ⁴He. Furthermore, the amount of helium detected correlated qualitatively with the amount of excess power and was within an order of magnitude of the theoretical estimate of helium production based upon fusion of deuterium to form ⁴He. Any production of ³He or neutrons in these experiments was below our detection limits. However, the exposure of dental X-ray films placed outside the cells suggests the emission of radiation. Control experiments performed in exactly the same way but using H₂O + LiOH in place of D₂O + LiOD gave no evidence of helium, excess power or radiation.

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Miles, M. and B.F. Bush. Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Miles, M., Letter to Steven E. Jones. 1993.

Miles, M., B.F. Bush, and J.J. Lagowski, Anomalous effects involving excess power, radiation, and helium production during D2O electrolysis using palladium cathodes. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 478.

Miles, M., B.F. Bush, and D.E. Stilwell, Calorimetric principles and problems in measurements of excess power during Pd-D2O electrolysis. J. Phys. Chem., 1994. 98: p. 1948.

Miles, M. and B.F. Bush, Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 156.

Miles, M., Trip report for ICCF4. 1994: Memo, Department of the Navy,.

Miles, M. The Extraction of Information From an Integrating Open Calorimeter in Fleischmann-Pons Effect Experiments. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Miles, M. and K.B. Johnson, Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Systems, Final Report. 1996, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division.

ABSTRACT
Excess power was measured in 28 out of 94 electrochemical experiments conducted using palladium or palladium‑alloy cathodes in heavy water. Reproducibility continues to be the major problem in this controversial research area. Based on our experiments, this lack of reproducibility stems from unknown variables in the palladium metal. The best reproducibility for excess power was obtained using palladium‑boron materials supplied by the Naval Research Laboratory. Our basic isoperibolic calorimeters were capable of measuring excess power with a sensitivity of "1% of the input power or "20 mW, whichever was larger. Calorimeters that are capable of detecting excess power levels of 1 watt per cubic centimeter of palladium are essential for research in this field. Results from our laboratory indicate that helium‑4 is the missing nuclear product accompanying the excess heat. Thirty out of 33 experiments showed a correlation between either excess power and helium production or no excess power and no excess helium. The collection of the electrolysis gases in both glass and metal flasks place the helium production rate at 10¹¹ to 10¹² atoms per second per watt of excess power. This is the correct magnitude for typical deuteron fusion reactions that yield helium‑4 as a product. Anomalous radiation was defected in some experiments by the use of X‑ray films, Geiger‑Mueller counters, and by the use of sodium iodide detectors. There was never any significant production of tritium in any of our experiments.

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Miles, M. and K.B. Johnson, Electrochemical insertion of hydrogen into metals and alloys. Infinite Energy, 1996. 1(5 & 6): p. 68.

ABSTRACT
 Hydrogen in metals has possible applications in various energy storage devices. For the palladium-deuterium system, excess power production and other anomalous effects have been reported. This study focused on hydrogen and deuterium insertion into palladium and deuterium insertion into various palladium-boron alloys. The condition of the metal surface is a major factor in the insertion of hydrogen or deuterium into palladium or palladium-boron alloys. Cracks or other surface defects prevent high loading levels of hydrogen in metals. The addition of boron to palladium does not affect the initial loading rate but slows further loading to higher levels. The presence of boron in the palladium significantly slows the rate of the deloading process.

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Miles, M., K.B. Johnson, and M.A. Imam. Electrochemical loading of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium and palladium-boron alloys. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Abstract
 Excess power production and other anomalous effects have been observed during the electrolysis of heavy water using palladium and palladium-boron alloys as the cathode materials. This study focused on hydrogen and deuterium loading into palladium and palladium-boron alloys. Improved calorimetry provided for the detection of the exothermic heat of absorption of deuterium into palladium and palladium-alloy cathodes. The addition of boron to palladium does not significantly affect the initial loading rate but slows further loading to higher levels. The presence of boron in the palladium significantly slows the rate of the deloading process. Cracks or other surface defects prevent high loading levels of hydrogen or deuterium into palladium or palladium-boron alloys.

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Miles, M., K.B. Johnson, and M.A. Imam. Heat and Helium Measurements Using Palladium and Palladium Alloys in Heavy Water. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Miles, M. and K.B. Johnson. Improved, Open Cell, Heat Conduction, Isoperibolic Calorimetry. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Miles, M., Electrochemical calorimetric studies of palladium and palladium alloys in heavy water. 1998: Sapporo, Japan.

Miles, M. and B.F. Bush. Radiation Measurements at China Lake:Real or Artifacts? in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

ABSTRACT
 Anomalously high radiation counts were observed using several different Geiger-Mueller (GM) detectors as well as sodium iodide (NaI) detectors during electrolysis experiments with palladium cathodes in heavy water. These high radiation counts were often observed in co-deposition experiments where palladium metal is deposited from a D₂O solution onto a copper cathode in the presence of evolving deuterium gas. The anomalous radiation counts reached values as high as 73 sigma above normal background counts. The anomalous radiation would appear within a few hours in the co-deposition experiments where the palladium is loaded with deuterium as it deposits from solution. In contrast, the appearance of anomalous radiation required days of electrolysis for the palladium rods that load much slower. The real or artifact question stems mainly from the fact that two similar GM detectors often gave different results in monitoring the excess radiation. A few experiments, nevertheless, gave simultaneous anomalous effects from two different radiation detectors.

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Miles, M., Reply to 'An assessment of claims of excess heat in cold fusion calorimetry'. J. Phys. Chem. B, 1998. 102: p. 3648.

Miles, M., Reply to 'Examination of claims of Miles et al. in Pons-Fleischmann-type cold fusion experiments'. J. Phys. Chem. B, 1998. 102: p. 3642.

Miles, M. Production of helium in the cold. in 18th Annual Meeting of the Society for Scientific Exploration. 1999. Albuquerque, NM.

Miles, M., M.A. Imam, and M. Fleischmann. "Case Studies" of Two Experiments Carried Out With the ICARUS Systems. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Miles, M. Calorimetric Studies of Palladium Alloy Cathodes Using Fleischmann-Pons Dewar Type Cells. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

My first three experiments conducted at NHE using the Fleischmann-Pons (F-P) Dewar type cells investigated the Pd-Ce-B, Pd-B, and Pd-Ce alloy cathodes. Significant excess power was produced from the cells using the Pd-B and Pd-Ce alloy cathodes. The Pd-Ce-B alloy, in contrast, showed no measureable excess power effects. Previous experiments at China Lake using similar Pd-B alloy cathodes prepared by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) produced excess heat in seven out of eight experiments. The same Pd-Ce cathode that was used at NHE also produced significant excess power in previous experiments at China Lake. Due to the controversy over methods of data analysis for the F-P cells (see ICCF-5 Proceedings, 1995, pp. 105-115), I developed my own methods while at NHE. As I refined my methods for evaluating the calorimetric measurements, they approached more closely the methods outlined by Fleischmann and Pons in their Icarus Systems handbooks available at NHE. The method previously developed by NHE for the analysis of the F-P cells showed no excess heat for any of these same three experiments. The major problem with the NHE method is that a single calibration was used in determining the effective radiative heat transfer coefficient for the cell. An incorrect heat transfer coefficient can readily confuse the excess heat effect with the calorimetric error for the system. Calorimetric results for the same experiment using the NHE method, my method, and the F-P method for data analysis are compared. The fact that the alternative NHE method showed no excess heat for F-P cells illustrates the problem in transferring calorimetric methods from one laboratory to another. The second laboratory often fails to follow directions and makes changes that compromise the calorimetry. Similar problems were encountered in the attempt to transfer the China Lake calorimetry to NRL, hence excess heat was not observed.

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Miles, M., Calorimetric studies of Pd/D2O+LiOD electrolysis cells. J. Electroanal. Chem., 2000. 482: p. 56.

New experiments in sensitive calorimeters displayed the characteristics of the excess power effect during seven different occasions. These measurements clearly show the anomalous increase in the cell temperature despite the steadily decreasing electrical input power during Pd/D₂O+LiOD/Pt electrolysis. This strange behavior can be modeled by the use of an anomalous excess power term in the calorimetric equations. Two thermistors used in each calorimetric cell always show nearly identical temperature changes, thus errors due to temperature gradients within the cell are unlikely. The onset of the excess power apparently develops in a gradual manner. There were never any large, abrupt increases in the excess power. The addition of D₂O with its sudden cooling of the cell generally dissipated the excess power effect. No clear triggering events for the excess power could be identified. Possible chemical explanations for the excess power are discussed. Normal behavior was always observed for a similar experiment conducted as a control.

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Miles, M., Report on Calorimetric Studies at the NHE Laboratory in Sapporo, Japan. Infinite Energy, 2000. 5(30): p. 22.

Experiments using China Lake type calorimetric cells produced excess power in three out of three experiments and no excess power in three control studies.  A detailed analysis is presented for two experiments using the China Lake cells.  Anomalous thermistor signals in Cell A suggest the emission of electromagnetic radiation from the active palladium cathode.  Experiments in Fleischmann-Pons type calorimetric cells produced excess power in six out of eight experiments.  These studies involved palladium alloy cathodes, co-deposition of palladium and deuterium from the solution, and electromigration using thin palladium wires.

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Miles, M., M.A. Imam, and M. Fleischmann, Calorimetric analysis of a heavy water electrolysis experiment using a Pd-B alloy cathode. Proc. Electrochem. Soc., 2001. 2001-23: p. 194.

Miles, M., M. Fleischmann, and M.A. Imam, Calorimetric Analysis of a Heavy Water Electrolysis Experiment Using a Pd-B Alloy Cathode. 2001: Washington. p. 154.

Miles, M., et al. The Elevation of Boiling Points in H2O and D2O Electrolytes. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Beijing, China: Tsinghua University.: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

ABSTRACT
The excess enthalpy effect in cold fusion experiments for Pd/D2O + LiOD systems is subject to positive feedback, i.e., increasing the cell temperature increases the excess enthalpy. Therefore, the largest excess enthalpy effects are often observed near or at the boiling point corresponding to that of the electrolyte solution in the cell. The exact boiling temperatures at different electrolyte concentrations are needed for cold fusion experiments. These studies of LiOH in H₂O and LiOD in D₂O both show boiling point elevations at higher concentrations that are significantly lower than theoretical calculations based on ideal solutions. Activity coefficients of LiOD in D₂O at the boiling point of D₂O (101.42°C) are also reported. These boiling point measurements suggest a purity problem with heavy water samples that may contribute to the reproducibility problem for excess enthalpy.

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Miles, M., et al. Thermal Behavior of Polarized Pd/D Electrodes Prepared by Co-deposition. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Beijing, China: Tsinghua University: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

ABSTRACT
The thermal behavior of a polarized Pd+D electrode prepared by the co-deposition technique and serving as the cathode in the Fleischmann-Pons (F/P) Dewar-type electrochemical cell/calorimeter was investigated at the NHE Laboratory in Sapporo, Japan. These measurements show that (i) excess enthalpy is generated during and after the completion of the co-deposition process, (ii) rates of excess enthalpy generation are somewhat higher than when Pd wires or other forms of Pd electrodes are used and (iii) positive feedback and heat-after-death effects were present in this system.

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Miles, M. Correlation Of Excess Enthalpy And Helium-4 Production: A Review. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

Three different sets of experiments conducted in the Navy Laboratory (NAWCWD) at China Lake, California (1990-1994) clearly established that helium-4 is the main fusion product in the Pd/D₂O+LiOD electrolysis system.  A correlation between excess enthalpy and excess helium-4 was measured in 18 out of 21 experiments.  The observation of no excess enthalpy was correlated with no excess helium-4 in 12 out of 12 experiments.  Thus 30 out of 33 experiments agree with the hypothesis that the excess enthalpy produced in cold fusion studies is correlated with helium-4 production:  D + D ® ⁴He + 23.8 MeV.  Furthermore, the measured rate of helium-4 production was always in the appropriate range of 10¹⁰ to 10¹² atoms per second per watt of excess power.

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Miles, M. Fluidized Bed Experiments Using Platinum And Palladium Particles In Heavy Water. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

These experiments were designed to give the dynamic electrolysis conditions of fluidized beds by the use of small palladium particles.  Both direct current electrolysis and pulse power electrolysis methods were used in this study.  The excess power observed was 90 mW for direct current electrolysis in D₂O + 0.1 M LiOD (I=0.300 to 0.400 A).  For pulse electrolysis (pulse width 1.0 ms, pulse frequency 5 KH_Z, peak voltage 98 V), the excess power increased to 250 mW.  No excess power was observed for similar experiments using platinum particles in D₂O + 0.1 M LiOD.

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Miles, M., NEDO Final Report - Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies Of Palladium And Palladium Alloys In Heavy Water. 2004, University of La Verne.

The main feature of the Fleischmann–Pons effect is excess heat production.  My experiments designed to measure excess heat focused on the use of two types of isoperibolic calorimeters.  Cells A and B transfer heat mainly by conduction while the three Fleischmann–Pons type cells transfer heat mainly by radiation.  The first set of experiments in cells A and B used palladium cathodes.  Small levels of excess power were observed in Cell A but none in Cell B.  This result is in agreement with previous experiments at China Lake, California using the same two palladium cathodes.  There were also periods of unusual fluctuations in the temperature readings in Cell A for the thermistor closest to the cathode that persisted for several weeks.  These sudden temperature increases occurred during the same time period as when the excess heat was observed.  The switching of these experiments to pulse electrolysis also produced an excess heat effect in Cell A but not in Cell B.

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Miles, M. and M. Fleischmann. Precision and Accuracy of Cold Fusion Calorimetry (paper and PowerPoint slides). in 233rd ACS National Meeting. 2007. Chicago, IL.

The cold fusion controversy centers on the precision and accuracy of the calorimetric systems used to measure excess enthalpy generation. For open, isoperibolic calorimetric systems, there is no true steady state during D₂O+LiOD electrolysis.  Exact calorimetric measurements, therefore, require modeling by a differential equation that accounts for all heat flow pathways into and out of the calorimetric systems. The improper use and misunderstanding of this differential equation is a major source of confusion concerning cold fusion calorimetric measurements.

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Miles, M. and M. Fleischmann, Accuracy of Isoperibolic Calorimetry Used in a Cold Fusion Control Experiment, in Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook, J. Marwan and S. Krivit, Editors. 2008, Oxford University Press.

Miles, M. and M. Fleischmann. Isoperibolic Calorimetric Measurements of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

Important advantages exist for selecting a Dewar type isoperibolic calorimeter for measurements of anomalous excess enthalpy produced by the Fleischmann-Pons Effect (FPE). These advantages include a wide dynamic range for both the cell temperature and cell input power, direct visual observations inside the cell during calorimetric experiments, relative low cost, self-purification of the system, the safety of an open system, and heat transfer mainly by electromagnetic radiation.  Various generations of this calorimetry are described along with the mathematical modeling.  The use of control or “blank” experiments, such as replacing palladium by platinum, show that anomalous excess power is measurable to within ±0.1 mW using this electrochemical calorimetry.  The application of this Dewar isoperibolic calorimetry at other laboratories such as NHE (Japan), Grenoble (France) and Harwell (U.K.) is discussed.  Variations of isoperibolic calorimetry used by China Lake, Caltech, and M.I.T. are also examined where the main heat transfer pathway is by conduction.  An improved version of the China Lake isoperibolic calorimeter is capable of measuring the small excess power (6.5 mW) produced at the beginning of an experiment by the exothermic absorption of deuterium into palladium.

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Miles, M. Twenty Year Review of Isoperibolic Calorimetric Measurements of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

Miley, G. H.

Miley, G.H., Book Review: Cold Fusion,The Making of a Scientific Controversy by F. D. Peat. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 730.

Miley, G.H., O. Barnouin, and B. Temple. Detection of Reaction Products Induced in Plasma Focus Electrodes. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Miley, G.H., M.H. Ragheb, and H. Hora. On Aspects of Nuclear Products. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

Miley, G.H., et al. Multilayer Thin Film Electrodes for Cold Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Miley, G.H. Comments About Nuclear Reaction Products. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Miley, G.H., et al., Electrolytic Cell with Multilayer Thin-Film Electrodes. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 313.

Miley, G.H., et al. Energy Amplifier with Multilayer Thin Film Electrodes. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

Miley, G.H. and J.A. Patterson, Nuclear transmutations in thin-film nickel coatings undergoing electrolysis. J. New Energy, 1996. 1(3): p. 5.

ABSTRACT
 Experiments using 1-mm plastic and glass microspheres coated with single and multilayers of thin films of various metals such as palladium and nickel, used in a packed-bed electrolytic cell (Patterson Power Cell ™ configuration), have apparently produced a variety of nuclear reaction products. The analysis of a run with 650-Å film of Ni is presented here. Following a two-week electrolytic run, the Ni film was found to contain Fe, Ag, Cu, Mg, and Cr, in concentrations exceeding 2 atom % each, plus a number of additional trace elements. These elements were at the most, only present in the initial film and the electrolyte plus other accessible cell components in much smaller amounts. That fact, combined with other data, such as deviations from natural isotope abundances, seemingly eliminates the alternate explanation of impurities concentrating in the film.

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Miley, G.H., et al. Quantitative observations of transmutation products occuring in thin-film coated microspheres during electrolysis. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Miley, G.H., Possible Evidence of Anomalous Energy Effects in H/D-Loaded Solids-Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRS). J. New Energy, 1997. 2(3/4): p. 6.

Miley, G.H. Product Characteristics and Energetics in Thin-Film Electrolysis Experiments. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Miley, G.H. Emerging physics for a breakthrough thin-film electrolytic power unit. in Space Technol. Applic. Int. Forum. 1999.

Miley, G.H., et al. Advances in Thin-Film Electrode Experiments. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Miley, G.H. On the Reaction Product and Heat Correlation for LENRs. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Abstract
 “Low Energy Nuclear Reactions”, or LENRs, typically involve electrolytes containing light water along with electrodes made of metals such as Ni, Ti and Pd.  In these experiments a variety of reaction products (isotopes), with masses both higher and lower than that of the host electrode material, have been observed at the University of Illinois (U of IL). Related results, often termed “transmutation” studies, have been reported by other researchers.  These observations suggest that proton-metal initiated reactions occur in such LENR cells. This paper discusses evidence that the production of these reaction products is correlated with the excess heat also frequently observed in LENR cells. Such a correlation for LENR reactions would be equivalent, in principle, to the correlation of He-4 with excess heat that is reported for heavy water-Pd experiments where a D-D reaction is postulated.

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Miley, G.H., Some personal reflections on scientific ethics and the cold fusion 'episode'. Accountability Res., 2000. 8: p. 121.

This note was prepared in response to Dr. Scott Chubb’s invitation to discuss issues concerning ethics in scientific research that I may have observed during the hectic period following the public announcement of “Cold Fusion” (CF) by Drs. Pons and Fleischmann in 1989. I would like to preface this note with some reflections on select “events” I was personally involved in as editor of Fusion Technology (FT) and as one of the early researchers in CF (who has persistently kept going!). Then I will discuss several ethical “issues” relating to scientific conduct from my viewpoint as an editor and researcher in the field.

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Miley, G.H., et al. Progress in Development of a Low Energy Reaction Cell for Distributed Power Applications. in 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. 2002. Arlington, Virginia, USA: ASME.

Miley, G.H., et al. Progress in thin-film LENR research at the University of Illinois. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

ABSTRACT
 The research described here includes work on fabrication techniques for reproducible thin-film electrodes. Runs with these electrodes in a newly fabricated high sensitivity calorimetry bank is shown to provide added support for earlier excess heat production observed with ultra-high proton loadings in thin film electrodes. In addition, new in-situ radiation emission studies have discovered MeV alpha-proton emission, supporting earlier reaction product evidence of the nuclear origin of the excess heat. Recent experiments and lattice simulation studies have provided added insight into highly loaded thin film phenomena, including possible H- effects associated with anomalous resistivity effects at ultra-high loadings. . . .

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Miley, G.H. and P. Shrestha. Review Of Transmutation Reactions In Solids. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

Transmutation reactions in highly loaded hydrides have been reported by a number of research groups. These studies are briefly summarized with emphasis on common systematics and key “signatures”. Transmutations divide into two types: heavy intermediate compound nucleus reactions yielding an array of products with a large spectrum of masses; direct reactions between H/D and the electrode metal or impurity atoms yielding isolated “single” products. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the products and the ability to overcome the extremely large Columbic repulsion of the high-Z elements involved.  Here we briefly consider a model involving orbital mixing and virtual neutron formation associated with charge accumulation and hydrogen/deuteron flow at highly loaded interfaces.

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Miley, G.H., et al. Intense non-linear soft x-ray emission from a hydride target during pulsed D bombardment (PowerPoint slides). in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

PowerPoint slides for the paper of the same title.

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Miley, G.H., et al. Intense non-linear soft x-ray emission from a hydride target during pulsed D bombardment. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Radiation emission from Low Energy Nuclear Radiation (LENR) electrodes (both charged-particle and x-rays) represents an important feature of LENR in general. Here, calibration, measurement techniques, and soft x-ray emission results from deuterium bombardment of a Pd target (cathode) placed in a pulsed deuterium glow discharge (PGD) are described. An x-ray intensity of 13.4 mW/cm² and a dose of 3.3 μJ/cm² were calculated over a 0.5 ms pulse time from AXUV photodiode radiation detector measurements. A most striking feature is that x-ray energies > 600 V are observed with a discharge voltage only about half of that value. To further investigate this phenomenon, emission during room temperature D-desorption from electrolytically loaded Pd:Dx cathodes was also studied. The x-ray emission energy observed was quite similar to the PGD case. However, the intensity in this case was almost 13 orders of magnitude lower due to the much lower deuterium fluxes involved.

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Miley, G.H., et al. On Aspects of Complex Nuclei in LENR Relative to Transmutation Reactions and X-ray Emission from Localized Clusters. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Miley, G.H. and P. Shrestha. Overview of Light Water/Hydrogen-based Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (PowerPoint slides). in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

PowerPoint slides for the paper of the same name.

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Miley, G.H. and P. Shrestha. Overview of Light Water/Hydrogen-based Low Energy Nuclear Reactions. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

This paper reviews light water and hydrogen-based Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs) including the different methodologies used to study these reactions and the results obtained. Reports of excess heat production, transmutation reactions and nuclear radiation emission are cited. An aim of this review is to present a summary of the present status of light water LENR research and provide some insight into where this research is heading.

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Miley, G.H., et al. Cluster Reactions in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs). in 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals. 2007. Sicily, Italy.

Miley, G.H., et al. Future Power Generation by LENR with Thin-Film Electrodes (PowerPoint slides). in 233rd ACS National Meeting. 2007. Chicago, IL.

PowerPoint slides from the ACS 233rd Annual Meeting, Chicago, Il March 29, 2007

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Miley, G.H. Preparata Medal Lecture - A Tribute to Giuliano Preparata, a TRUE Pioneer in Cold Fusion Theory. in 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals. 2007. Sicily, Italy.

Miley, G.H., A Fascinating Review of the Emerging Science of LENRs. 21st Century Sci. & Technol., 2008. 61.

World Scientific’s advertisement for this book explains that, “One of the most important discoveries of this century -- cold fusion -- was summarily rejected by science and the media before sufficient evidence had been accumulated to make a rational judgment possible. Enough evidence is now available to show that this rejection was wrong and that the discovery of a new source of clean energy may help solve some serious problems currently facing mankind. The book catalogues and evaluates this evidence and shows why the initial reaction was driven more by self-interest than fact.”

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Miley, G.H., H. Hora, and X. Yang. Condensed Matter "Cluster" Reactions in LENRs. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

In this paper we first point out evidence for condensed matter cluster formation based on thin-film electrolysis. Next, measurements of superconductivity in condensed matter deuterium “clusters” in dislocation sites loaded-deloaded palladium thin films are briefly reviewed, followed by a discussion of techniques under study to increase the number of such sites per unit volume of the electrodes. Estimates for resulting “cluster reaction” rates -- flow enhanced Pycnonuclear fusion are given. If successful, this approach offers a “Roadmap” for future power unit based on thin films and clusters.

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Miley, G.H. Summary of the Transmutation Workshop held in association with ICCF-14. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

Miley, G.H. and J. Shrestha, Transmutation Reactions and Associated LENR Effects in Solids, in Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook, J. Marwan and S. Krivit, Editors. 2008, Oxford University Press.