Dunlap, B. I.

Dunlap, B.I., et al., Linear combination of Gaussian-type orbitals - local-density-functional cluster studies of D-D interactions in titanium and palladium. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 41: p. 9683.

Durocher, J. J. G.

Durocher, J.J.G., et al., A search for evidence of cold fusion in the direct implantation of palladium and indium with deuterium. Can. J. Phys., 1989. 67: p. 624.

Durup, J.

Durup, J., Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration. J. Chem. Phys., 1990. 93: p. 6120.

Eagleton, R. D.

Eagleton, R.D. and R.T. Bush, Design considerations for palladium electrodes as suggested by a deuteron cluster model for cold nuclear fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 359.

Eagleton, R.D. and R.T. Bush, Calorimetric experiments supporting the transmission resonance model for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 239.

Eagleton, R.D. Experimental Details for Light Water Cold Fusion Research at Cal. Poly.- Pomona. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

Early, J. G.

Early, J.G., Hydrogen diffusion in palladium by galvaostatic charging. Acta Metall., 1978. 26: p. 1215.

Eberhard, V.

Eberhard, V., et al., Neutron limits from gas-loaded titanium-deuterium systems. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1989. 334: p. 357.

Echenique, P. M.

Echenique, P.M., J.R. Manson, and R.H. Ritchie, Cluster-Impact Fusion. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990. 64(12): p. 1413.

Editorial

Editorial, Cold Confusion, and Cold Results from Utah. Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 361, 364.

Eggers, H. C.

Eggers, H.C. and J. Rafelski, Strangeness and Quark Gluon Plasma: Aspects of Theory and Experiment. 1990.

Ehrlich, A. C.

Ehrlich, A.C., et al., A search for neutrons in single-phase palladium-deuterium Kold fusion? Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 529.

Ellison, C. H.

Ellison, C.H. and J.A. Mahaffey, An investigation of reports of fusion reactions occurring at the cathode in glow discharges. Fusion Technol., 1996. 29: p. 178.

Engvild, K. C.

Engvild, K.C., Nuclear reaction by three-body recombination beteween deuterons and the nuclei of lattice-trapped D2 molecules. Fusion Technol., 1998. 34: p. 253.

Engvild, K.C. and L. Kowalski. Triple Deuterium Fusion Between Deuterons And The Nuclei Of Lattice Trapped Deuterium Molecules. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

A hypothesis is proposed where low energy nuclear reactions involve three-body recombination of deuterons injected between the nuclei of D₂ molecules trapped in a dense lattice of a chemical compound of transition metal and impurity. Two D's fuse to ⁴He, and the energy is converted by expulsion of the third deuteron. Measurable fusion occurs when two D's are confined within 0.1 angstrom of each other. Three boson (efimov) interactions can have longer range than two boson interactions. The best known example is triple alpha fusion to carbon-12 in stars. Triple deuterium interaction could perhaps be possible in the 0.5-1.0 angstrom range; the distance between D's in a D₂ molecule are 0.74 angstrom. The hypothesis accounts for the low reproducibility and short duration of the effect because of rapid destruction of the active structure by sputtering, radiation damage, bubble formation and chemical reduction of the impurities to compounds like D₂O, ND₃, CD₄, or BD₃. The hypothesis also accounts for the observed prevalence of ⁴He >> tritium >> neutrons.

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Enyo, M.

Enyo, M., Is the cold fusion reaction possible? Kagaku to Kogyo (Tokyo), 1991. 44: p. 47 (in Japanese).

Enyo, M., Key points in the evaluation of experimental results (the excess heat). Oyo Butsuri, 1991. 62: p. 716 (in Japanese).

Enyo, M. and P.C. Biswas, Hydrogen absorption in palladium electrodes in alkaline solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 335: p. 309.

Enyo, M. Hydrogen/Deuterium Concentration in Pd under Cathodic Polarization. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Enyo, M. and P.C. Biswas, Hydrogen pressure equivalent to overpotential on Pd + Ag alloy electrodes in acidic solutions in the presence of thiourea. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 357: p. 67.

ERAB

ERAB, Report of the Cold Fusion Panel to the Energy Research Advisory Board. 1989: Washington, DC.

A copy of the ERAB report has been prepared by the National Capital Area Skeptics (NCAS) organization (www.ncas.org). It is available here:
http://www.ncas.org/erab/
This library contains a brief introduction to the report and a copy of the NCAS version of the ERAB report.

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Escarpizo, B.

Escarpizo, B., et al. Solid State and Electrochemical Phenomena Related to Cold Fusion in Titanium. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Escarpizo, B., et al. Solid State and Electrochemical Phenomena Related to Cold Fusion in Titanium. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Escarpizo, B., et al. Deuterium Concentration Profiles and Crystallization Anomalies in Electrolytically Deuterated Titanium Plates. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Evan, D.

Evan, D. and S. Szpak, Note on the release of nH1 from cathodically polarized Pd electrodes. 1998.

Evans, P.

Evans, P., Reply to patent office. 1996.

Ewing, R. I.

Ewing, R.I., et al., Negative results and positive artifacts observed in a comprehensive search for neutrons from 'cold fusion'. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 404.

Ewing, R.I., et al., A sensitive multi-detector neutron counter used to monitor 'cold fusion' experiments in an underground laboratory: negative results and positive artifacts. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., 1990. 37: p. 1165.

Ewing, R.I., High-sensitivity neutron detectors used at Sandia National Laboratories to monitor and diagnose 'cold fusion' experiments: negative results. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 473.

Fallavier, J.

Fallavier, J., et al., Srearch for Nuclear Fusion in Deuterated Targets under Cluster-Beam Impact. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990. 65(5): p. 621.

Faller, S. H.

Faller, S.H., R.W. Holloway, and S.C. Lee, Investigation of cold fusion in heavy water. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1989. 137(1): p. 9.

Fan, G. Y.

Fan, G.Y., et al. Production of Neutron and Tritium from D2O Electrolysis with Palladium Cathode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Fang, P. H.

Fang, P.H., An Investigation of Interactions Between Deuterium and Palladium Related Crystalline and Amorphous Alloys. 1989.

Fang, P.H., Deuterium fusion through nonequilibrium induction. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 369.

Farkas, A.

Farkas, A., On the electrolytic separation of the hydrogen isotopes on a palladium cathode. 1937: p. 552.

Farley, F. J. M.

Farley, F.J.M., Cold fusion. New Scientist, 1991. 129(1756): p. 3.

Farrell, J. J.

Farrell, J.J., R.L. Mills, and W.R. Good, An Alternative Explanation of Extreme UltraViolet Emission From Dark Matter. 1993.

Fateev, E. G.

Fateev, E.G., Possibilities for establishing the mechanism of neutron generation in deuterated materials under mechanical loading. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1995. 21(5): p. 373.

Fauvarque, J.

Fauvarque, J., P. Clauzon, and G. Lalleve. Abnormal excess heat observed during Mizuno-type experiments. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

ABSTRACT
 A simple calorimeter has been designed that works at constant temperature; that of boiling water. Heat losses can be estimated accurately with an ohmic heater. As expected, losses are independent of the electric power input to the heater and the amount of evaporated water is linearly dependant on the power input. The device has been used to determine the heating power of a plasma electrolysis (the Ohmori-Mizuno experiment). We confirm that in this experiment, the heat output from electrolysis is greater than the electrical power input. The excess energy increases as the electrolysis voltage is increased from 200 V up to 350 V (400 W input). The excess energy may be as high as 120 W.

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Fayet, P.

Fayet, P., A. Kaldor, and D.M. Cox, Palladium Clusters: H2, D2, N2, CH4, CD4, C2H4, and C2H6 Reactivity and D2 Saturation Studies. J. Chem. Phys., 1990. 92: p. 254.

Feder, T.

Feder, T., DOE Warms to Cold Fusion. Physics Today, 2004. April: p. 27.

This is a short summary of Feder, T., DOE Warms to Cold Fusion. Physics Today, 2004. April: p. 27. The full article is available at the Physics Today website: http://www.physicstoday.org/vol-57/iss-4/p27.html

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Fedorovich, G. F.

Fedorovich, G.F., Coulomb interaction in a radiation defect of a hydride crystal. Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1990. 16(12): p. 911.

Fedorovich, G. V.

Fedorovich, G.V., Coulomb interaction in an E-cell. Sov. Phys. Tech. Phys., 1991. 36: p. 847.

Fedorovich, G.V., The Coulomb interaction in the E-cell. Physica B, 1991. 172: p. 491.

Fedorovich, G.V., Quantum-mechanical screening. Phys. Lett. A, 1992. 164: p. 149.

Fedorovich, G.V., A possible way to nuclear fusion in solids. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 288.

Fedorovich, G.V., Nuclear fusion in crystal hydrides of light elements. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 442.

Fedorovich, G.V., Parametric excitation of crystalline structures as a possible cause of high-energy emissions. Tech. Phys., 1993. 38(10): p. 866.

Fedorovich, G.V., Ferroelectrics for Cold Fusion. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 474.

Fedorovich, G.V., Screening of the Coulomb potential in a nondegenerate hydrogen isotope gas. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 120.

Fedorovich, G.V., The possible nature of cold fusion in the Earth's mantle. Fusion Technol., 1995. 28: p. 1749.

Feenstra, R.

Feenstra, R., et al., Critical Point Lowering in Thin Pd-H Films. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1983. 13: p. L13.

Feenstra, R., et al., Gravimetrical Determination of Pressure-Composition Isotherms of Thin Pd-H Films. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1986. 16: p. 1953.

Feenstra, R., R. Griessen, and D.G. de Groot, Hydrogen Induced Lattice Expansion and Effective H-H Interaction in Single Phase PdHc. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1986. 16: p. 1933.

Fehn, T.

Fehn, T. and C.A. Schiller, Cold nuclear fusion and electrochemical measuring techniques. Chem.-Tech. (Heidelberg), 1989. 18: p. 72, 75, 77 (German).

Felici, R.

Felici, R., et al., In situ measurement of the deuterium (hydrogen) charging of a palladium electrode during electrolysis by energy dispersive x-ray diffraction. Rev. Sci. Instr., 1995. 66(5): p. 3344.

Feng, S.

Feng, S., Enhancement of cold fusion rate by electron polarization in palladium deuterium solid. Solid State Commun., 1989. 72: p. 205.

Fernandez, F.

Fernandez, F., et al. Nuclear Effects in Electrolytically Deuterated Ti and Pd Electrodes. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Fernandez, J. F.

Fernandez, J.F., et al. Cubic-Tetragonal Phase Transition in TiDx (X> or = 1.7) and its Possible Relation to Cold Fusion Reactions. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Fernandez, J.F., F. Cuevas, and C. Sanchez, Deuterium concentration profiles in electrochemically deuterated titanium and their evolution after electrolysis. J. Alloys Comp., 1994. 205: p. 303.

Fernandez, J.F., F. Cuevas, and M. Alguero, Experimental investigation of neutron emissions during thermal cycling of TiDx (x = ca. 2.00). Fusion Technol., 1997. 31: p. 237.

Ferrari, C.

Ferrari, C., et al., A calorimeter for the electrolytic cell and other open systems. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, 1996. 18: p. 1333.

Feugeas, J.

Feugeas, J., Comments on "Evidence of micrometre-sized plasmoid emission during electrolysis cold fusion. Fusion Sci. & Technol., 2001. 40: p. 109.

Filimonov, V. A.

Filimonov, V.A., Mechanism of cold nuclear fusion. Pis'ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1990. 16(20): p. 29 (in Russian).

Filimonov, V.A., On the probability of cold nuclear fusion. Pis'ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., 1990. 16(19): p. 42 (in Russian).

Filimonov, V.A., Cold nuclear fusion: Its possibility in principle and means of realization. Sov. Phys. Tech. Phys., 1992. 37(6): p. 689.

Filimonov, V.A., On the probability of cold nuclear fusion implementation: Synergetic hypothesis. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1992. 162: p. 99.

Filimonov, V.A. and V.A. Lishnevskii. Cold Fusion and Superfast Low-Temperature Chemical Processes in Solids: Common Basis for Understanding. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

Filimonov, V.A., Synergetic Activation Model: Key to Intense and Reproducible Cold Fusion. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 455.

Filimonov, V.A. Neutrino-Driven Nuclear Reactions Of Cold Fusion And Transmutation. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Filippov, D.

Filippov, D., A. Rukhadze, and L.I. Urutshoev. Effects of atomic electrons on nuclear stability and radioactive decay. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

1.         The only valid (necessary and sufficient) condition for b-stability of a nucleus is the minimum value of the mass of the atom (not of the nucleus) on the isobar line (that is, atomic weight = const). This condition holds true for all known isotopes without exception.
2.         The condition of nuclear stability and the decay schemes of unstable nuclei depend on the state of the electron shells. Atom ionization and other perturbations in electron shells (caused, for example, by magnetic fields) not only changes the decay periods of unstable nuclei [1, 2], but also alters decay schemes [3] and modifies the stability condition. . . .

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Filippov, D., et al. On the possible magnetic mechanism of shortening the runaway of RBMK-1000 reactor at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Fimin, N. N.

Fimin, N.N., Quantum-interference effects and the mechanism of cold nuclear fusion. Pis'ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., 1996. 22(5): p. 17 (in Russian).

Fischer, U.

Fischer, U., H. Jâger, and W. Lochte-Holtgreven, Neutron Emission Observed During the Electrical Explosion of Deuterated Liquids of Metallic Conductivity. Phys. Lett. B, 1973. 44(2): p. 161.

Fischer, U., H. J‰ger, and W. Lochte-Holtgreven, Neutron Emission Observed During the Electrical Explosion of Deuterated Liquids of Metallic Conductivity. Phys. Lett. B, 1973. 44(2): p. 161.

Fisher, A.

Fisher, A., Much Ado About.... MOSAIC, 1990. 21(2): p. 13.

Fisher, J. C.

Fisher, J.C., Polyneutrons as agents for cold nuclear reactions. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 511.

Fisher, J.C., Liquid-drop model for extremely neutron rich nuclei. Fusion Technol., 1998. 34: p. 66.

Fisher, J.C. Theory of Low-Temperature Particle Showers. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

A theoretical basis is offered for the remarkable observation by Oriani and Fisher [1] of a shower of about 250,000 energetic charged particles that occurred in the vapor of oxygen and hydrogen evolved from electrolysis. The shower was localized in space and in time, originating a few millimeters above the surface of a plastic detector chip and lasting for a few seconds. The responsible nuclear reactions must have been sustained by the vapor constituents.

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Fisher, J.C. Polyneutron Theory of Transmutation. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Polyneutron theory postulates that large clusters of neutrons are bound and stable against strong decay and that their interactions with ordinary nuclei are responsible for a new class of low-temperature nuclear phenomena. It is postulated that these clusters, also termed polyneutrons or neutron isotopes, grow to include hundreds of neutrons in chain reactions fueled by isotopes such as ²H, ¹⁸O, and ⁷Li.

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Fisher, J.C. External Radiation Produced by Electrolysis -- A Work in Progress. in 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals. 2007. Sicily, Italy.

Fisher, J.C. Outline of Polyneutron Theory. in 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals. 2007. Sicily, Italy.

Fishman, R. S.

Fishman, R.S. and G.D. Mahan, Binding of charged particles in lattice defects. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 40(17): p. 11493.

Fitzpatrick, T.

Fitzpatrick, T., Cold Fusion Meet Ends Without Agreement, in Salt Lake City Tribune. 1990: Salt Lake CityEditor.

Flanagan, T. B.

Flanagan, T.B. and F.A. Lewis, Electrode Potentials of the Palladium + Hydrogen System. Faraday Soc., 1959. 55: p. 1409.

Flanagan, T.B. and F.A. Lewis, Hydrogen Absorption by Palladium in Aqueous Solution. Faraday Soc. Trans., 1959. 55: p. 1401.

Flanagan, T.B., Absorption of Deuterium by Palladium. J. Phys. Chem., 1961. 65: p. 280.

Flanagan, T.B. and J.W. Simon, Consequences of the Proton Model for Hydrogen Adsorption in the b Phase of the Hydrogen-Palladium System. J. Phys. Chem., 1966. 70: p. 3750.

Flanagan, T.B., et al., The Effect of Lattice Defects on Hydrogen Solubility in Palladium, I. Experimentally Observed Solubility Enhancements and Thermodynamics of Absorption. J. Less-Common Met., 1979. 49: p. 13.

Flanagan, T.B., et al., Isobaric and Isothermal Hysteresis in Metal Hydrides and Oxides. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1982. 82: p. 2589.

Flanagan, T.B. and W.A. Oates, The Effect of Hysteresison the Phase Diagram of Pd-H. J. Less-Common Met., 1983. 92: p. 131.

Flanagan, T.B., et al., Hydrogen Solubility in Ordered and Disordered Palladium alloys. NATO ASI Ser., Ser. B, 1986: p. 341.

Flanagan, T.B., W. Luo, and J.D. Clewley, Calorimetric enthalpies of absorption and desorption of protium and deuterium by palladium. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 172-174: p. 42.

Flanagan, T.B. and W.A. Oates, The Palladium-Hydrogen System. Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., 1991. 21: p. 269.

Flanagan, T.B. and H. Noh, Thermodynamics and hysteresis for hydrogen solution and hydride formation in Pd-Ni alloys. Z. Naturforsch. A, 1995. 50: p. 475.

Flanagan, T.B., D.L. Wang, and H. Noh, The effect of cycling through the hydride phase on isotherms for fcc Pd-rich alloys. J. Alloys and Compounds, 1997. 253-254: p. 216.

Fleischmann, M.

Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, The behavior of microdisk and microring electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1987. 222: p. 107.

Fleischmann, M., S. Pons, and M. Hawkins, Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 261: p. 301 and errata in Vol. 263.

The strange behaviour of electrogenerated hydrogen dissolved in palladium has been studied for well over 100 years, and latterly these studies have been extended to deuterium and tritium [1]. For discharge of deuterium from alkaline solutions of heavy water we have to consider the reaction steps
 D₂O + e^- → D_ads + OD                      (i)
D_ads + D₂O + e^- → D₂ + OD            (ii)
D_ads → D_lattice   (iii)
D_ads + D_ads → D₂                           (iv)
 It is known that at potentials negative to + 50 mV on the reversible hydrogen scale, the lattice is in the β-phase, hydrogen is in the form of protons (as shown by the migration in an electric field) and is highly mobile (D  = 10^-7 cm² s^-1 for the α-phase at 300 K).

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Fleischmann, M., et al., Measurements of gamma-rays from cold fusion. Nature (London), 1989. 339(622,): p. 667.

Fleischmann, M. An Overview of Cold Fuson Phenomena. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

Fleischmann, M., et al., Calorimetry of the palladium-deuterium-heavy water system. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 287: p. 293.

ABSTRACT
 It is shown that accurate values of the rates of enthalpy generation in the electrolysis of light and heavy water can be obtained from measurements in simple, single compartment Dewar type calorimeter cells. This precise evaluation of the rate of enthalpy generation relies on the non-linear regression fitting of the “black-box” model of the calorimeter to an extensive set of temperature time measurements. The method of data analysis gives a systematic underestimate of the enthalpy output and, in consequence, a slightly negative excess rate of enthalpy generation for an extensive set of blank experiments using both light and heavy water. By contrast, the electrolysis of heavy water at palladium electrodes shows a positive excess rate of enthalpy generation; this rate increases markedly with current density, reaching values of approximately 100 W cm^-3 at approximately 1 A cm^-2. It is also shown that prolonged polarization of palladium cathodes in heavy water leads to bursts in the rate of enthalpy generation; the thermal output of the cells exceeds the enthalpy input (or the total energy input) to the cells by factors in excess of 40 during these bursts. The total specific energy output during the bursts as well as the total specific energy output of fully charged electrodes subjected to prolonged polarization (5-50 MJ cm^-3) is 10² - 10³ times larger than the enthalpy of reaction of chemical processes.

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Fleischmann, M. The Present Status of Research in Cold Fusion. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons. Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O System: from Simplicity via Complications to Simplicity. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

This version of the Fleischmann paper appeared in the ICCF-3 proceedings. It is similar to the Physics Letters A version referenced in the index.
ABSTRACT
We present here one aspect of our recent research on the calorimetry of the Pd/D₂O system which has been concerned with high rates of specific excess enthalpy generation (> 1kWcm^-3) at temperatures close to (or at) the boiling point of the electrolyte solution. This has led to a particularly simple method of deriving the rate of excess enthalpy production based on measuring the times required to boil the cells to dryness, this process being followed by using time-lapse video recordings.
Our use of this simple method as well as our investigations of the results of other research groups prompts us to present also other simple methods of data analysis which we have used in the preliminary evaluations of these systems.

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Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, Some comments on the paper Analysis of experiments on the calorimetry of LiOD-D2O electrochemical cells, R.H. Wilson et al., J. Electroanal. Chem. 332 [1992] 1. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 332: p. 33.

Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O system: from simplicity via complications to simplicity. Phys. Lett. A, 1993. 176: p. 118.

Fleischmann, M., et al. Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O System: The Search for Simplicity and Accuracy. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Fleischmann, M., S. Pons, and G. Preparata, Possible theories of cold fusion. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1994. 107: p. 143.

Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, Reply to the critique by Morrison entitled 'Comments on claims of excess enthalpy by Fleischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 187: p. 276.

These two documents that first appeared in the Internet’s sci.physics.fusion forum in 1993. The first was written by Douglas Morrison (CERN), the second by Martin Fleischmann (Univ. Southhampton) and Stanley Pons (IMRA Europe). A version of this was published as:
Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, Reply to the critique by Morrison entitled ‘Comments on claims of excess enthalpy by FLeischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 187: p. 276.
This debate refers mainly to paper “Calorimetry of the PD ED2O System: from
Simplicity via Complications to Simplicity,” published in Physics Letters A. A simlar paper was later published in the ICCF-3 conference proceedings and handed out by Fleischmann, which is reproduced on this web site LERN-CANR.org.

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Fleischmann, M. More About Positive Feedback; More About Boiling. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Fleischmann, M. The Experimenters' Regress. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Fleischmann, M. Cold Fusion; Past, Present & Future. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

In reviewing first of all some of the early history of research into the nuclear reactions of D + compressed into host lattices we need to consider the applicability (or otherwise) of existing paradigms . . .

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Fleischmann, M. Giuliano Preparata: An Appreciation. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Fleischmann, M., Reflections on the Sociology of Science and Social Responsibility in Science, in Relationship to Cold Fusion. Accountability Res., 2000. 8.

Section 1.  Introduction
I have been asked on several occasions during the last ten years to provide a commentary on subjects such as the Sociology of Science, Social Responsibility in Science etc. with special reference to the topic of “Cold Fusion”.  I have always been reluctant to do so for two principal reasons.    The first is that I believe that the consideration of these topics is premature.   The reason is that I am convinced that there is much more information which bears on such topics which will be revealed in the fullness of time.  Furthermore, there are aspects of the past history, developments and, indeed, of the science which I do not wish to discuss even at the present time.
Inevitably, therefore, any such article will be incomplete, will lack focus and will be couched in rather general terms.  This is the way the present article has turned out to be; in view of the evident deficiencies, it should only be taken as a first step in trying to develop a discussion of the important Social Issues.

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Fleischmann, M. Searching for the consequences of many-body effects in condensed phase systems. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

ABSTRACT
             Some of the background work which led to the decision to investigate the behaviour of D+ electrochemically compressed into Pd host lattices is outlined. The key features of such “Cold Fusion” systems are described.

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Fleischmann, M. Background to Cold Fusion: the Genesis of a Concept. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

The scheme of research which led to the start-up of the project now known as "Cold Fusion" is illustrated by Fig. 1. We note that it is commonly believed that there is absolutely no way of influencing Nuclear Processes by Chemical means: therefore, any results that demonstrate that this might be possible must be due to faulty experimentation, delusion, fraud etc. However, any enquiry as to the experimental foundation of the first statement in Fig. 1 is normally met by the response: "because quantum mechanics, Q.M., shows that this is so". We are driven to the conclusion that this first statement is just part of the belief-system of Natural Scientists and we naturally also have to ask the question; "what conclusion would we draw if we subject the statement to the dictates of Field Theory?"

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Fleischmann, M. and M. Miles. The "Instrument Function" of Isoperibolic Calorimeters; Excess Enthalpy Generation due to the Parasitic Reduction of Oxygen. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

Two criticisms which are frequently advanced to counter observations of the generation of excess enthalpy in the cathodic polarisations of Pd-based electrodes in D₂O-based electrolytes (e.g. see (1), (2)) are usually based on the assertion that the isoperibolic calorimeters used in these studies are imprecise and inaccurate. Furthermore, any excess enthalpy generation is then attributed to the reduction of electrogenerated oxygen although such assertions have not been accompanied by appropriate measurements. There is naturally a link between these two assertions.

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Fleming, J. W.

Fleming, J.W., et al., Calorimetric studies of electrochemical incorporation of hydrogen isotopes into palladium. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 517.

Flitt, H. J.

Flitt, H.J. and J. Bockris, Concerning Adsorbed and Absorbed Hydrogen on and in Ferrous Metals. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1982. 7: p. 411.

Focardi, S.

Focardi, S., R. Habel, and F. Piantelli, Anomalous heat production in Ni-H systems. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1994. 107A: p. 163.

Focardi, S., et al., Large excess heat production in Ni-H systems. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1998. 111A: p. 1233.

Summary. -- Evidence of a large heat excess produced in Ni-H systems and details of the calorimetric measurements are reported in this paper. Two cells which ran for long periods (about 300 days) produced an energy excess of 600MJ and 900MJ, respectively.

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Focardi, S., et al. On the Ni-H System. in Anomalies in Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Metals. 1999. Bologna.

Focardi, S., et al. Evidence of electromagnetic radiation from Ni-H Systems. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

We report evidence of photon emission in three experiments with hydrogen loading of Ni slabs, during the degassing phase, when hydrogen was introduced into the cell, and during thermal cycling. In the first experiment we obtained excess power of about 20 W, while in the second experiment photon emission was observed instead of power production. In the third experiment, a Ni sample in hydrogen underwent thermal excitation and showed an increasing photon emission for a few hours.

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Foglio, P. A.

Foglio, P.A., et al., Neutron monitoring and related measurements during electrolysis of heavy water with palladium and titanium cathodes: activity report. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 131.

Fonda, L.

Fonda, L. and G.L. Shaw, Deuteron cold fusion by anti-diquark catalysis. Fizika (Zagreb), 1990. 22: p. 371.

Fonda, L. and G.L. Shaw. Flucturations and Nonreproducibility in Cold Fusion From Free Quark Catalysis. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Forsley, L.

Forsley, L., et al. Analyzing Nuclear Ash from the Electrocatalytic Reduction of Radioactivity in Uranium and Thorium. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Fou, C.

Fou, C., Deuteron-Deuteron [dd] Binding via Neutron Exchange. Infinite Energy, 2006. 11(66): p. 26.

Fou, C., Coulomb Field for LENR in Solid. Infinite Energy, 2007. 12(71): p. 25.

Fou, C. Investigation of Deuteron-Deuteron Cold Fusion in a Cavity. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

Fowler, W. A.

Fowler, W.A., G.R. Caughlan, and B.A. Zimmermann, Thermonuclear Reaction Rates. Ann. Rev. Astr. Astrophys., 1967. 5: p. 525.

Fowler, W.A., Cold fusion results still unexplained. Nature (London), 1989. 339(6223): p. 345.

Fox, H.

Fox, H., Cold Fusion Impact in the Enhanced Energy Age. 1992, Salt Lake City: Fusion Information Center.

Fox, H. Cold Nuclear Fusion & Enhanced Energy Devices: A Progress Report. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Fox, H., Comments on 'Experiments of one-point cold fusion'. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 347.

Fox, H. Cold Nuclear Fusion, Space Energy Devices & Commercialization. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

Fox, H. A Survey of Current International "Cold Fusion" Research. in IECEC Conference. 1995: Paper #95-247.

Fox, H., Cold Fusion and the Coulomb Barrier. J. New Energy, 1996. 1(2): p. 23.

Fox, H., R.W. Bass, and S.X. Jin, Plasma-injected transmutation. J. New Energy, 1996. 1(3): p. 222.

Fox, H., Charge clusters in operation. Infinite Energy, 1997. 2(12): p. 62.

Fox, H., Do Thorium Daughter Products Explain LENT-1 Experiments? J. New Energy, 1997. 2(3/4): p. 20.

Fox, H. and S.X. Jin, Operating the LENT-1 Transmutation Reactor: A Preliminary Report. J. New Energy, 1997. 2(2): p. 110.

Fox, H. and S.X. Jin, Operating the LENT-1 transmutation reactor: Preliminary report. J. New Energy, 1997. 2(2): p. 110.

Fox, H. and J.S. X., Low-energy nuclear reactions and high-density charge clusters. Infinite Energy, 1998. 4(20): p. 26.

Fox, H., New-Energy Anomalies. J. New Energy, 1998. 3(2/3): p. 47.

Fralick, G. C.

Fralick, G.C., A.J. Decker, and J.W. Blue, Results Of An Attempt To Measure Increased Rates Of The Reaction 2D + 2D --> 3He + n In A Nonelectrochemical Cold Fusion Experiment. 1989, NASA: Cleveland, OH.

An experiment was performed at the Lewis Research Center to look for evidence of deuterium fusion in palladium. The experiment, which involved introducing deuterium into the palladium filter of a hydrogen purifier, was designed to detect neutrons produced in the reaction
 2D + 2D → 3He + n
 as well as heat production. The neutron counts for deuterium did not differ significantly from background or from the counts for a hydrogen control. Heat production was detected when deuterium, but not hydrogen, was pumped from the purifier.

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Frattolillo, A.

Frattolillo, A., A. De Ninno, and A. Rizzo. Experimental techniques for detecting small quantities of 4He gas: problems and solutions. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

ABSTRACT
 The problems arising from the techniques of measurement so far used to detect 4He in the gases coming out from Fleishmann-Pons cells are discussed. Innovative solutions are proposed. The results of extensive tests carried out with a facility built at ENEA Frascati are reported, which prove the ability of this equipment to overcome the problems discussed in this paper.

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Frazier, G. A.

Frazier, G.A. and R. Glosser, Charcterization of Thin Films of the Pd-H System. J. Less-Common Met., 1980. 74: p. 89.

Frederico, T.

Frederico, T., et al., Microscopic calculation of the molecular-nuclear d+d-->3He+n or 3H+p reactions at close to zero energies. Braz. J. Phys., 1993. 23(1): p. 96.

Freedman, S.

Freedman, S. and D. Krakauer, Biases in cold fusion data. (Scientific correspondence). Nature (London), 1990. 343: p. 703.

Friedmann, H.

Friedmann, H., et al., Search for 'cold fusion'. Kerntechnik, 1990. 55: p. 161.

Frisone, F.

Frisone, F., Study of the probability of interaction between the plasmons of metal and deuterons. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1996. 18D: p. 1279.

Frisone, F. Can Impurities Within a Deuterated Crystalline Lattice Have an Effect Favouring Cold Fusion? in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Frisone, F., Can variations in temperature influence deuteron interaction within crystalline lattices? Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1998. 20 D: p. 1567.

Frisone, F. Fusion reaction within a microcrack in a crystalline lattice at room temperature. in AIP Conf. Proc. 513(Nuclear and Condensed Matter Physics). 2000.

Frisone, F. Probability of Deuteron Plasmon Fusion at Room Temperature within Microcracks of Crystalline Lattices with Deuterium Loading. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Frisone, F., Deuteron Interaction Within a Microcrack in a Lattice at Room Temperature. Fusion Technol., 2001. 39(2 (March)).

Frisone, F., Theoretical model of the probability of fusion between deuterons within deformed crystalline lattices with microcracks at room temperature. Fusion Sci. & Technol., 2001. 40: p. 139.

Frisone, F. Theoretical Model Of The Probability Of Fusion Between Deuterons Within Deformed Lattices With Micro-Cracks At Room Temperature. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Frisone, F. Theoretical Comparison Between Semi-Classic And Quantum Tunneling Effect Any Application Coherence Theory On The Tumor (PowerPoint slides). in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Frisone, F. Theoretical Comparison Between Semi-Classic And Quantum Tunneling Effect. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Frisone, F. Theoretical Hypothesis of a Double Barrier Regarding the D-D Interaction in a Pd Lattice: A Possible Explanation of Cold Fusion Experiment Failures. in 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals. 2007. Sicily, Italy.

Frodl, P.

Frodl, P., et al., Possible participation of lithium in Fleischmann-Pons reaction is testable. Z. Naturforsch. A, 1990. 45: p. 757.

Frolov, A. M.

Frolov, A.M. and V.H. Smith Jr, On stimulated nuclear fusion in the cold generalized DT hydrides of fissionable elements. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 196: p. 217.

Fromm, E.

Fromm, E. and E. Gebhardt, Gases and Carbon in Metals. 1976: Springer-Verlag, Berlin,.

Fujii, M.

Fujii, M., et al. Measurement of Neutrons in Electrolysis at Low Temperature Range. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Fujii, M., et al. Heat measurement during light water electrolysis using Pd/Ni rod cathodes. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

ABSTRACT
 The heat balance under electrolysis in 1M Li2SO4 light water solutions was measured using Pd rods or Pd coated Ni (Pd/Ni) rods for cathode. We detected large excess heat of more than 10% in 6 of 28 experiments. However, in many other experiments, no excess or only small excess heat was observed. In most cases the excess heat was 5% or less. In order to confirm the excess heat, we have to find the reason why these differences take place.

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Fujii, Y.

Fujii, Y., et al. Anomalous Neutron Burst in Heavy Water Electrolysis. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Fujita, S.

Fujita, S., On the feasibility of nuclear fusion in fcc metals. Phys. Stat. Sol. B, 1989. 156: p. K17.

Fujiwara, M.

Fujiwara, M. and K. Sakuta. Statistically Significant Increase in Neutron Counts for Palladium Plate Filled with Deuterons by Electrolysis. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Fukada, S.

Fukada, S., et al., Neutron emission from some metal deuterides. Technol. Rep. Kyushu Univ., 1990. 63(5): p. 475 (in Japanese.

Fukada, S., et al., Measurement of exoelectrons from palladium and palladium deuteride with gas proportional counter. J. Alloys Comp., 1994. 204: p. 223.

Fukai, Y.

Fukai, Y., From Metal Hydrides to the Metal-Hydrogen System. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 172-174: p. 8.

Fukai, Y. and H. Sugimoto, Hydrogen Diffusion in Metals-Unsolved Problems. Defect and Diffusion Forum, 1992. 83: p. 87.

Fukai, Y. Some Properties of the Fe-H System at High Pressures and Temperatures. and their Implications for the Earth's Core. in High-Pressure Research: Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences. 1992: Terra Scientific Publishing Co, Tokyo.

Fukai, Y. The ABC's of the Hydrogen-Metal System. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Fukai, Y., Computer Aided Innovation of New Materials II Some Unsolved Problems of Hydrogen in Metals, ed. M. Doyama, et al. 1993: Elsevier Sci. PubFukai, Y.

Fukai, Y., Present status on cold fusion. Nippon Butsuri Gakkaishi, 1993. 48(5): p. 354 (in Japanese).

Fukai, Y. and N. Okuma, Formation of superabundant vacancies in Pd hydride under high hydrogen pressures. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1994. 73: p. 1640.

Fukuhara, M.

Fukuhara, M., Possible dynamic interaction of deuterons between tetrahedral and octahedral interstices of palladium lattice at cryogenic temperatures. Fusion Technol., 1998. 34: p. 151.

Fukuhara, M. Possible Nuclear Transmutation Of Nitrogen In The Earth's Atmosphere. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Fukushima, K.

Fukushima, K. Is Sono-Fusion to be a Possible Mechanism for Cold Fusion? in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Fukushima, K. Sonofusion, Compressibility of Liquid and Stability of Spherical Cavity. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Fullenwider, M. A.

Fullenwider, M.A., Electrochemical current balance with the hydrogen-palladium system. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1975. 122(5): p. 648.

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Fullenwider, M., A Method for the Determination of Energy Gaps in Hydrogen-Metal Systems. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1986. 285: p. 285.

Fulvio, F.

Fulvio, F. Theoretical model on the relationship between low energies in the probability of deuterium nuclei cold fusion. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

Gabovich, A. M.

Gabovich, A.M., Possibility of cold fusion in palladium deuterides: screening effects and connection to superconducting properties. Philos. Mag. B, 1997. 76: p. 107.

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Gai, M., et al., Upper limits on neutron and gamma-ray emission from cold fusion. Nature (London), 1989. 340: p. 29.

Gai, M., et al., Upper limits on emission rates of neutrons and gamma-rays from 'cold fusion' in deuterated metals. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 217.

Gajda, M.

Gajda, M. and J. Rafelski, Jovian limits on conventional fusion. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 1991. 17: p. 653.

Gajewski, R.

Gajewski, R., Investigation of some aspects of cold fusion. 1989.

Gajewski, R., Fuzja, nadzieja czy iluzja? (Nuclear fusion, hope or illusion?). Postepy Fiz., 1991. 42: p. 85 (in Polish).

Gamarra, N.

Gamarra, N., Erroneous Predictions. Library of Congress, 1967.

Gamberale, L.

Gamberale, L., D. Garbelli, and G. Piana. Measurement of heat capacity of PdHx. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

Abstract
 We present experimental data on heat capacity and thermal coefficient of resistance of PdH_x system at loading ratio 0<x<0.93 at room temperature. To this purpose a dynamic measurement method has been devised.  Data confirm the existence of a phase transition around x; 0.7 (gamma phase).

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Gammon, B. E.

Gammon, B.E., Cathode cooling by expansion of hydrogen in calorimetric tests for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 342.

Gann, V. V.

Gann, V.V. and V.I. Pokhodyashchii, Metastable bound states of deuterium in palladium and its role in cold nuclear fusion. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved. , 1990(1): p. 89 (in Russian).

Ganz, J.

Ganz, J. and J. Newman, Cold Fusion : Will It Be Harnessed?, in High Technology Careers Magazine. 1989. p. 60.

Gareev, F.

Gareev, F., I. Zhidkova, and Y. Ratis. Enhancement Mechanisms of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Gareev, F. and I. Zhidkova. New Cooperative Mechanisms of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Using Superlow Energy External Field. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Gareev, F., G. Gareeva, and I. Zhidkova. Common Mechanism of Superconductivity, Superfluidity, Integer and Fractional Hall Effects, and Cold Fusion. in 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals. 2007. Sicily, Italy.

Gareev, F., G. Gareeva, and I. Zhidkova. Quantization of Atomic and Nuclear Rest Masses. in 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals. 2007. Sicily, Italy.

Garfinkle, M.

Garfinkle, M., Ion implantation as a definitive means of investigating any possibility of intracrystalline nuclear fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 160.

Garg, A. B.

Garg, A.B., et al. Protocol for Controlled and Rapid Loading/Unloading of H2/D2 Gas in Self Heated Pd Wires to Trigger Nuclear Events. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Garwin, R. L.

Garwin, R.L., Consensus on Cold Fusion. Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 616.

Gdowski, G. E.

Gdowski, G.E., T.E. Felter, and R.H. Stulen, Effect of Surface Temperature on the Sorption of Hydrogen by Pd(111). Surf. Sci. Lett., 1987. 181: p. L147.

Gentsch, H.

Gentsch, H., DD-fusion reactions at a PdAg(D) target in a minireactor. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1991. 95: p. 1283 (in German).

Gentsch, H., Reply to: R. Behrisch, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 96, 733 [1992]. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1992. 96: p. 734 (in German).

George, R.

George, R., The cold fusion phenomenon -- An interview with Dr. Mahadeva Srinivasan, in Cold Fusion. 1994.

Dr. Mahadeva Srinivasan was the head of the Neutron Physics Division and an Associate Director of the Physics Group of BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Center) in Mumbai (Bombay), India when this interview was held on March 1, 1994 at SRI International in Menlo Park, California. At that time he was a visiting scientist there, participating in the Cold Fusion experiments underway at the laboratories of the Energy Research Center.

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George, R., Production of He4 from deuterium via reaction on a palladium carbon hydrogenation catalyst at 200°C. 1996.

George, R. and R. Stringham, Technical report on the demonstration of new technology producing heat and nuclear products via cavitation induced micro-fusion in E-quest sciences Mark II research device. 1996.

George, R., Observations of helium bubbles in thin palladium metal foil using scanning electron microscopy. 1997.

Gerischer, H.

Gerischer, H. Is Cold Fusion a Reality? The Impressions of a Critical Observer. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

“In spite of my earlier conclusion, ‑ and that of the majority of scientists, ‑ that the phenomena reported by Fleischmann and Pons in 1989 depended either on measurement errors or were of chemical origin, there is now undoubtedly overwhelming indications that nuclear processes take place in the metal alloys.”
Professor Heinz Gerischer
  COLD FUSION
John O’M. Bockris
Chemistry Dept., Texas A&M University
College Station, TX  77843‑3255
 October 30, 1991
 A memorandum has been written on the present state of cold fusion research as of October, 1991, by Professor Heinz Gerischer.
The significance of this memorandum arises from Professor Gerischer’s status.  He is widely recognized to be the leading physical electrochemist in Europe and would vie for the title on a still wider basis.  Apart from his long term involvement in electrochemistry he is well known as a physical chemist of the highest standing and was, until 1988, the Director of the Max Planck Institute for Physical Chemistry in Berlin.

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Gerlovin, I. L.

Gerlovin, I.L., R.K. Baranova, and P.S. Baranov, New approach to low-temperature nuclear fusion. Zh. Obshch. Khim., 1992. 62: p. 230 (in Russian).

Gerstein, S. S.

Gerstein, S.S., The Critical Test Experiments in Cold Fusion. 1989.

Ghosh, S. K.

Ghosh, S.K., H.K. Saidhukhan, and A.K. Dhara, A Theory of Cold Nuclear Fusion in Deuterium Loaded Palladium, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. C 4.

Ghosh, S.K., H.K. Sadhukhan, and A.K. Dhara, A theory of cold nuclear fusion in deuterium-loaded palladium. Pramana, 1989. 33: p. L339.

Gibb, T. R. P. , Jr.

Gibb, T.R.P., Jr., Lattice-Distension and the Magnetic Susceptibility of Palladium Hydride. 1966.

Gieryn, T. F.

Gieryn, T.F., "The Social Dimensions of Science", The ballad of Pons and Fleischmann: Experiment and narrative in the (un)making of cold fusion, ed. E. McMullin. 1992: U. Notre Dame Press, Gieryn, T.F. 214.

Gillespie, D. J.

Gillespie, D.J., et al., A search for anomalies in the palladium-deuterium system. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 526.

Gillespie, L. J.

Gillespie, L.J. and W.R. Downs, The Palladium-Deuterium Equilibrium. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937. 61: p. 2494.

Giordano, N.

Giordano, N., A.S. Arico, and V. Antonucci, Thermal effects during the electrolytic charging of deuterium in the palladium lattice. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 105.

Gittus, J.

Gittus, J. and J. Bockris, Explanations of cold fusion (section editor's title). Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 105 (Scientific Correspondence).

Gluck, P.

Gluck, P., Understanding Reproducibility: Topology Is The Key. Fusion Facts, 1992. 3(11).

Lack of reproducibility was a kind of original sin and a rich source of troubles, despair and skeptics from the start of the cold fusion story. Now the situation is much improved, but the progress has resulted mainly from trial and error experiments and not from cause-effect considerations, principles, models or theories. This statement is valid even for the newly born light-water excess energy experiments [1]. The most developed theories, e.g. the T.R.M. model of Bush [2] must be combined with purely empirical descriptions of know-how and engineering data as those of Cravens [3] for electrochemical cells. Scaramuzzi [4] for gas-metal systems, Mills [5] (the experimental part) and Mallove [1] for light water experiments. An example of spectacular irreproducibility was obtained by the scientists of the Bhabha Atomic Research Center [6,7]: “not only are the anomalous fusion reactions found to take place in only a very few chips (obtained from the same piece of titanium) but even in those chips, tritium production is restricted to a small number of selected localized ‘hot spots’ only...”

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Gluck, P., The surfdyne concept: an attempt to solve (or to rename) the puzzles of cold nuclear fusion. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 122.

Gluck, P. Cold Fusion - A Logical Network Approach. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

Gluck, P., A new definition for 'chemical element? Chem. Innov., 2001. 31(10): p. 44.

Godes, R.

Godes, R. Quantum Fusion Hypothesis. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

Godshall, N. A.

Godshall, N.A., et al., Calorimetric and thermodynamic analysis of palladium-deuterium electrochemical cells. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 229.

Goedkoop, J. A.

Goedkoop, J.A., Koude kernfusie in de vaste stof?" (Cold nuclear fusion in solids?). Energiespektrum, 1989. 13: p. 156 (in Dutch).

Gold, T.

Gold, T., New ideas in science. J. Sci. Expl., 1989. 3(2): p. 103.

Goldanskii, V. I.

Goldanskii, V.I. and F.I. Dalidchik, Mechanism of solid-state fusion (Title given by Letters editor). Nature (London), 1989. 342: p. 231.

Goldanskii, V.I. and F.I. Dalidchik, On the possibilities of 'cold enhancement' of nuclear fusion. Phys. Lett. B, 1990. 234: p. 465.

Goloborodsky, B.

Goloborodsky, B., V. Ovchinnikov, and V. Semionkin, Long-Range Effects in the FePd2Au Alloy Under Ion Bombardment. Fusion Technol., 2001. 39(3 (May)).

Golubnichii, P. I.

Golubnichii, P.I., et al., A possible mechanism for cold nuclear fusion. J. Kratk. Soobshch. Fiz., 1989(6): p. 56 (In Russian).

Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Possible mechanism of cold nuclear fusion. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1989. 307: p. 99 (in Russian).

Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Correlation between nuclear, acoustic, and electromagnetic emissions during the electrolytic saturation of palladium with deuterium. Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1990(8): p. 31.

Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Detection of neutrons and tritium from solid palladium targets by electrolytic deuterium charging. Pis'ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1990. 16(21): p. 46 (in Russian).

Golubnichii, P.I., et al. Observation of Nuclear Particles and Their Correlation with Acoustic and Electromagnetic Emission from Palladium Targets Loaded by Deuterium. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Golubnichii, P.I., et al. Recording of Neutron and Acoustic Emissions From Palladium Target in a Low-Background Underground Experiment. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Verification of the accelerator model for low-temperature nuclear fusion. Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1990. 9: p. 16.

Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Correlated neutron and acoustic emission from a deuterium-saturated palladium target. JETP Lett., 1991. 53: p. 122.

Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Proton emission in low-temperature nuclear fusion. Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1991. 12: p. 6.

Goncharov, A. I.

Goncharov, A.I. and V.A. Kirkinskii. Theoretical Modeling Of Electron Flow Action On Probability Of Nuclear Fusion Of Deuterons. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Good II, W. R.

Good II, W.R., Comments on 'Calorimetry, excess heat, and Faraday efficiency in Ni-H2O electrolytic cells'. Fusion Technol., 1996. 30: p. 132.

Goods, S. H.

Goods, S.H. and S.E. Guthrie, Mechanical Properties of Palladium and Palladium Hydride. 1991.

Goodstein, D.

Goodstein, D., Pariah Science. Whatever Happened to Cold Fusion? The American Scholar, 1994. 63(4): p. 527.

Goodstein, D., Whatever Happened to Cold Fusion? Accountability Res., 2000. 8.

The article that follows was written in 1994, and first appeared in The American Scholar (vol. 63 p. 527).  In the three years since then much has happened, but little has changed.  There have been reports of increasingly reliable production of excess heat, and of the detection of 4He residue, and much more.  Nevertheless, the most remarkable fact remains that cold fusion has neither been accepted by mainstream science, nor has it withered away.  The general situation that the article describes still seems to be in place today.

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Goodwin, I.

Goodwin, I., Fusion in a Flask: Expert DOE Panel Throws Cold Water on Utah Discovery. Physics Today, 1989. December: p. 43.

Goon, E. J.

Goon, E.J., The Non-Stoichiometry of Lathanum Hydride. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1959. 63: p. 2018.

Gorodetskii, V. G.

Gorodetskii, V.G., et al., Emission of neutrons and gamma quanta from palladium upon its saturation with deuterium in the gas phase. Fiz. Metal. Metalloved., 1991(7): p. 176 (in Russian).

Goryachev, I. V.

Goryachev, I.V. Abnormal results of experimenting with excited substances and interpretation of the discovered effects within the frames of the model of collective interactions. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

During a number of years there were carried out experiments to investigate interactions of excited substances with radiation, gravity and other kinds of fields. Converting atoms of the substances into excited state was fulfilled by means of bombarding the samples used with intensive beams of electrons with energy of 27 MeV and the accompanying bremsstrahlung generated by the electrons in the substances and intermediate targets.

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Goryachev, I.V. and Y. Bazhutov. Organization, current status and main results of Russian research in cold fusion and transmutation of chemical elements. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

We can not help remembering that in the Soviet Union investigations of a number of abnormal phenomena which later were related to the problem of Cold Nuclear Fusion were carried out long before Fleischmann and Pons announced their experiments at the American University of Utah.
 At present these kind of research works are widely carried on in Russia despite the absence of any state support and while part of the official scientific community remains skeptical.
 In total there are more than 30 groups of scientists engaged in research in this field in Russia . . .

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Goryachev, I.V. Registration of synthesis of 45Rh102 in media of excited nuclei of 28Ni58. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

For the purpose of searching for heavy nuclei generated in the result of low energy nuclear processes we used samples of 28Ni58 which were bombarded with 27 MeV electrons from the Resonance accelerator MI-30. The samples of nickel of 48 mm in diameter and 20 mm thick were irradiated with electrons to the level of absorbed energy of around 2.5 106 J/cm3 which is approximately 5 times exceeds the minimum specific energy at which as it followed from the authors’ theoretical model the process of generating transmuted elements will become quite noticeable.

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Gottesfeld, S.

Gottesfeld, S., et al. Experiments and Nuclear Measurements in Search of Cold Fusion Proceses. in Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989. Santa Fe, NM.

Gottesfeld, S., et al., Experiments and nuclear measurements in search of cold fusion processes. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 287.

Gou, Q.

Gou, Q., Z. Zhu, and Q. Zhang, Possible mechanism of cold fusion and experimental research. Yuanzi Yu Fenzi Wuli Xuebao, 1990. 7: p. 1491 (in Chinese).

Gou, Q., Further discussion on the mechanism of cold fusion and cold fusion materials. Chin. J. At. Mol. Phys., 1998. 15(1): p. 7 (in Chinese).

Govorov, B. V.

Govorov, B.V., et al., Neutron Emission from Palladium Alloys Saturated with Deuterium. Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1990. 64(2): p. 287.

Gozzi, D.

Gozzi, D., et al., Neutron and Tritium Evidences in the Electrolytic Reduction of Deuterium on Pd Electrodes. 1989.

Gozzi, D., et al., Evidences for associated heat generation and nuclear products release in palladium heavy-water electrolysis. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1990. 103: p. 143.

Gozzi, D., et al. First Results from a Ten Electrolytic Cells Experiment. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Gozzi, D., et al., Nuclear and thermal effects during electrolytic reduction of deuterium at palladium cathode. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 241.

Gozzi, D., et al. Multicell Experiments for Searching Time-Related Events in Cold Fusion. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Gozzi, D., et al. Experiments with Global Detection of Cold Fusion Byproducts. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Gozzi, D., et al., Neutron and tritium evidence in the electrolytic reduction of deuterium on palladium electrodes. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 60.

Gozzi, D., et al. Excess Heat and Nuclear Product Measurements in Cold Fusion Electrochemical Cells. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Gozzi, D., et al. Helium-4 Quantitative Measurements in the Gas Phase of Cold Fusion Electrochemical Cells. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Gozzi, D., et al., Calorimetric and nuclear byproduct measurements in electrochemical confinement of deuterium in palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 380: p. 91.

Gozzi, D., et al., Quantitative measurements of helium-4 in the gas phase of Pd + D2O electrolysis. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 380: p. 109.

Gozzi, D., et al., X-ray, heat excess and 4He in the D/Pd system. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1998. 452: p. 251.

Abstract
The energy balance between heat excess and 4He in the gas phase has been found to be reasonably satisfied even if the low levels of ⁴He do not give the necessary confidence to state definitely that we are dealing with the fusion of deuterons to give ⁴He. In the melted cathode, the data of which are reported, no ⁴He was found at the achieved sensitivity. X-ray film, positioned at 50 mm from the cell, roughly gave the image of the cathode through spots. Extended considerations have been made to explain this evidence on the basis of the bundle nature of the cathode. From these considerations, the energy of the radiation and the total energy associated to it have been estimated as 89 keV and 12 kJ, respectively. This value is :0.5% of the energy measured by calorimetry in the same interval of time. The highest values of energy and excess power are 8.3 MJ and 10 W, respectively.

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Graesjo, L.

Graesjo, L. and M. Seo, Measurement of absorption of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium during electrolysis by a quartz crystal microbalance. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 296: p. 233.

Granada, J. R.

Granada, J.R., et al. Neutron Measurements on (Pd-D2O) Electrolytic Cells Under Pulsed Current Conditions. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Granada, J.R., et al., Neutron measurements on electrolytic cells (Pd-D2O) performed under very low background conditions. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1990. 27(4): p. 379.

Granada, J.R., et al., Thermal neutron measurements on electrolytic cells with deuterated palladium cathodes subjected to a pulsed current. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1990. 27(3): p. 30.

Graneau, P.

Graneau, P. and N. Graneau, The role of Ampere forces in nuclear fusion. Phys. Lett. A, 1992. 165: p. 1.

Graneau, P. and N. Graneau, Ampere force calculation for filament fusion experiments. Phys. Lett. A, 1993. 174: p. 421.

Granite, E.

Granite, E. and J. Jorne, A novel method for studying electrochemically induced cold fusion using a deuteron-conducting solid electrolyte. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 317: p. 285.

Grant, P. M.

Grant, P.M., et al., Hydrocarbon oil found in the interior of a 'cold fusion' electrolysis cell after fatal explosion. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 207.

Grant, P.M., R.E. Whipple, and B.D. Andresen, Comprehensive forensic analyses of debris from the fatal explosion of a 'cold fusion' electrochemical cell. J. Forensic Sci., 1995. 40: p. 18.

Grant, P.M., et al., Search for evidence of nuclear involvement in the fatal explosion of a 'cold fusion' experiment. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1995. 193: p. 165.

Grant, P.

Grant, P., Author response:" (to the polemic by E.S. Shanley, ibid, same page). Chem. Health & Saf., 1995. 2(2): p. 4.

Grant, P., et al., Advanced techniques in physical forensic science. Physics Today, 1998: p. 32.

Greber, T.

Greber, T., et al. Cold Fusion Experiments in Fribourg. in Understanding Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989.

Green, B. A.

Green, B.A., High-yields assisted fusion from heavy-quasiparticle production in Ti with a D/O welder. 1997.

Green, B.A., Quantitative determination of high-Tc superconductivity from the lattice polarization, structure effect and approach. Phys. Lett. A, 1997. 227: p. 372.

Green, J. A. S.

Green, J.A.S. and F.A. Lewis, Overvoltage Component at Palladized Cathodes of Palladium and Palladium Alloys Prior to and During Bubble Evolution. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1964. 60: p. 2234.

Green, T. A.

Green, T.A. and T.I. Quickenden, Electrolytic preparation of highly loaded deuterides of palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994. 368: p. 121.

Green, T. G.

Green, T.G. and T.I. Quickenden, Calorimetric studies of highly loaded deuterides and hydrides of palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 389: p. 91.

Green, T.

Green, T. and D. Britz, Kinetics of the deuterium and hydrogen evolution reactions at palladium in alkaline solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1996. 412: p. 59.

Greenland, T.

Greenland, T., Numbers off an envelope. Physics World, 1989. 2: p. 16.

Greenland, T., Issues connected with cold fusion: a room temperature mechanism for the production of x-rays. J. Phys B, 1990. 23: p. 1679.

Greiner, W.

Greiner, W. and A. Sandulescu, New Radioactivities. Sci. Am., 1990. March: p. 58.

Griessen, R.

Griessen, R. and D.G. deGroot, Effect of anharmonicity and Debye-Waller Factor on the Superconductivity of PdHx and PdDx. Helv. Phys. Acta, 1982. 55: p. 699.

Griggs, J. L.

Griggs, J.L. A Brief Introduction to the Hydrosonic Pump and the Associated "Excess Energy" Phenomenon. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Grimshaw, T.

Grimshaw, T. Public Interest and Level-of-Evidence Considerations in Cold Fusion Public Policy (PowerPoint slides). in American Physical Society Meeting. 2008. New Orleans.

Public Policy toward
Cold Fusion: Approach
1. Focus on the Public Interest in Cold Fusion
2. Assess CF policy in Evidence-Based framework
3. Delineate 5 Levels of Evidence in rational framework
4. Consider evidence of CF specifically

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Groenlund, F.

Groenlund, F., Electrolysis in calorimetry. J. Thermal Anal., 1992. 38: p. 229.

Grotz, T.

Grotz, T., Investigation of reports of the synthesis of iron via arc discharge through carbon compounds.