Abbas, A.

Abbas, A., Implications of Theoretical Ideas Regarding Cold Fusion. Cold Fusion, 1996. 15: p. 8.

Abbenseth, R.

Abbenseth, R. and H. Wipf, Thermal Expansion and Lattice Anharmonicity of Pd-H and Pd-D Alloys. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1980. 10: p. 353.

ABC, T. V.

ABC, T.V., "Good Morning America". 1994.

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Abell, G.C. and A. Attalla, NMR Evidence for Solid-Fluid Transition Near 250 K of 3He Bubbles in Palladium Tritide. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1987. 59(9): p. 995.

Abell, G.C., et al., Helium release from aged palladium tritide. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 41(2): p. 1220.

Aben, P. C.

Aben, P.C. and W.G. Burgers, Surface Structure and Electrochemical Potential of Palladium while Absorbing Hydrogen in Aqueous Solution. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1989. 56: p. 1989.

Aberdam, D.

Aberdam, D., et al., Limits on neutron emission following deuterium absorption into palladium and titanium. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990. 65(10): p. 1196.

Abriola, D.

Abriola, D., et al., Examination of nuclear measurement conditions in cold fusion experiments. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 265: p. 355.

AbuTaha, A. F.

AbuTaha, A.F., Cold fusion - engineering perspectives. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 391.

AbuTaha, A.F., Cold fusion - the heat mechanism. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 345.

Abyaneh, M.

Abyaneh, M., et al. Concerning the Modeling of Systems in Terms of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED): The Special Case of "Cold Fusion". in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Adachi, G.

Adachi, G., H. Sakaguchi, and K. Nagao, (3)He and (4)He from D2 absorbed in LaNi5. J. Alloys and Compounds, 1992. 181: p. 469.

Adamenko, S.

Adamenko, S. and V. Vysotskii. Experimental Observation And A Possible Way To The Creation Of Anomalous Isotopes And Stable Superheavy Nuclei Via The Electron-Nucleus Collapse. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

The problem of supercompression of a solid target to a collapse state is considered. The basic principles of construction and the parameters of an experimental setup ensuring such a supercompression are described. The model and method of creation and evolution of superheavy nuclear clusters with 250<A<500 and A>3000-5000 in the controlled collapse zone and in the volume of a remote accumulating screen are discussed. The evolution of such clusters results in the synthesis of isotopes with 1<A<500 and with anomalous spatial distribution in the volume of a remote screen. These phenomena were interpreted on the basis of the idea of the formation of a self-organizing and self-supporting collapse of the electron-nucleus plasma under the action of a coherent driver up to a state close to the nuclear substance.

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Adamenko, S. and V. Vysotskii. The Conditions And Realization Of Self-Similar Coulomb Collapse Of Condensed Target And Low-Energy Laboratory Nucleosynthesis. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Adamenko, S. and V. Vysotskii. Observation And Modeling Of The Ordered Motion Of Hypothetical Magnetically Charged Particles On The Multilayer Surface And The Problem Of Low-Energy Fusion. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Adamenko, S. and V. Vysotskii. The possible mechanism of creation of light magnetic monopoles in strong magnetic field of a laboratory system. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

Adkisson, W. M.

Adkisson, W.M., The Cause of and Happenings During Cold Fusion Events. 1991.

Adler, P. N.

Adler, P.N., R.L. Schulte, and H. Margolin, Deuterium surface segregation in titanium alloys. Metal. Trans., 1990. 21A: p. 2003.

Adzic, R. R.

Adzic, R.R., et al. Tritium Measurements and Deuterium Loading in D2O Electrolysis With a Palladium Cathode. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

ABSTRACT
 
Measurements have been performed to check on the Fleischmann-Pons (F-P) phenomena. They involved 1) measurements of tritium in the cell solution and the gas above it; and 2) determination of the D/Pd ratio by coulometry. Enhancement of tritium in the D₂O solution was found in these two open glass cells, as well as in another four cells with Ni-anodes. The largest enhancement factor found was ~50. The neutron measurements were inconclusive.

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Afanaseyev, V. P.

Afanaseyev, V.P., et al. On the Possibility of D-D Fusion Stimulation by High-Current Arc Discharge in Gas-Filled Metal. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

Affatato, S.

Affatato, S., et al. Measurement of a Very Low Neutron Background Within a Significant Gamma-Ray Environment by Means of a Coincidence Spectrometer with n-g Pulse-Shape Discrimination. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Afonichev, D.

Afonichev, D. Ascending Diffusion Or Transmutation. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

In any field of investigations new ideas in combination with newly developed equipment can provide advance results. In view of arising interest to cold nuclear fusion (CNF) [1] and searches for consequences of its occurrence the study of the interaction of hydrogen with metals has coincided with the wide spread of the micro-probe X-ray spectrum analysis. This analysis is performed during measurements of alloying element concentration [1] with resolution of about 1x1 ”m2.

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Afonichev, D. High-Frequency Radiation And Tritium Channel. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

In the process of deformation at a temperature T=710⁰ C of titanium alloy samples preliminarily saturated by deuterium a radiation, which is not a neutron flow was detected. Electromagnetic radiation in the range of radio frequencies was detected in titanium alloy samples in the process of their saturation by deuterium. The probable mechanism of its occurrence may be a retardation of charged particles in the metallic matrix.

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Afonichev, D. and M. Murzinova, Indicator of the process of cold fusion. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2003. 28: p. 1005-1010.

Agelao, G.

Agelao, G. and M.C. Romano, Heat and helium production during exothermic reactions between gases through palladium geometrical elements loaded with hydrogen. Fusion Technol., 2000. 38: p. 224.

Agnello, M.

Agnello, M., et al. Search for Neutron Emission in Titanium-Deuterium Systems. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Agnello, M., et al. Improvement of the TOFUS Apparatus. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Agnello, M., et al. Measurement of 2.5 MeV Neutron Emission from Ti/D and Pd/D Systems. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Agostino, R. G.

Agostino, R.G., et al. Electronic Fingerprint of D Site Occupation in Pd Deuteride. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Ahern, B. S.

Ahern, B.S., K.H. Johnson, and J. Clark, H. R., Method of Maximizing Anharmonic Oscillations in Deuterated Alloys. 1995: US Patent #5,411,654.

Aiello, S.

Aiello, S., et al., Nuclear fusion experiment in palladium charged by deuterium gas. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 115.

Akimoto, T.

Akimoto, T., et al. Temperature dependency on counting efficiency of NE213 liquid scintillator for low level neutron measurement. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Akita, H.

Akita, H., et al. Electrolytic Hydrogen/Deuterium Absorption into Pd, Pd-Rh, and Pd-Ag Alloys in Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui,: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Albagli, D.

Albagli, D., et al., Measurement and analysis of neutron and gamma-ray emission rates, other fusion products, and power in electrochemical cells having Pd cathodes. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 133.

Alber, D.

Alber, D., et al., Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1989. 333: p. 319.

Alberg, M. A.

Alberg, M.A., et al., Upper limits to fusion rates of isotopic hydrogen molecules in palladium. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1990. 41: p. 2544.

Alberg, M.A., et al., Upper limits to fusion rates of isotopic hydrogen molecules in palladium. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1990. 41: p. 2544.

Albers, P.

Albers, P., et al., Investigations of palladium catalysts on different carbon supports. J. Catal., 1999. 181: p. 145.

Aleksan, R.

Aleksan, R., et al., Limits on electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium by neutron flux measurements. Phys. Lett. B, 1990. 234: p. 389.

Alekseev, V. A.

Alekseev, V.A., et al., Tritium production in the interaction of dense streams of deuterium plama with metal surfaces. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1995. 21: p. 231.

Alessandrello, A.

Alessandrello, A., et al., Search for cold fusion induced by electrolysis in palladium. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1990. A103: p. 1617.

Alexander, K. F.

Alexander, K.F., Cold nuclear fusion. Wissensch. Fortschr., 1989. 39: p. 9 (in German).

Alguero, M.

Alguero, M., et al. On the Subsistence of Anomalous Nuclear Effects After Interrupting the Electrolysis in F-P Type Experiments with Deuterated Ti Cathodes. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Alguero, M., et al. An Experimental Method to Measure the Rate of H(D)-Absorption by a Pd Cathode During the Electrolysis of an Aqueous Solution: Advantages and Disadvantages. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Alguero, M., et al., An interpretation of some postelectrolysis nuclear effects in deuterated titanium. Fusion Technol., 1996. 29: p. 390.

Allard, K.

Allard, K., et al., Application of the Electron-Donation Model for Hydrogen Absorption to Palladium-Rich Alloys. Hydrogen-Gold-Palladium. J. Phys. Chem., 1968. 72: p. 136.

Altaiskii, M. V.

Altaiskii, M.V., et al., Fluctuational enhancement of quantum mechanical and wave barrier penetrability and some physical consequences. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1990. 52(1): p. 78 (in Russian).

Amato, I.

Amato, I., Cold Fusion Keeps Its Head Just Above Water. Science News, 1989. 13: p. 278.

Amato, I., Cold Fusion Saga: Trials and Tribulations. Science News, 1990. 137(24): p. 374.

Amato, I., Cold Fusion:Wanted Dead And Alive., in Science News. 1990. p. 14.

Amato, I., If Not Cold Fusion, Try Fracto-Fusion? Science News, 1990. 137: p. 87.

Amato, I., Cluster Fusion: Close But No Cigar. Science, 1992. 256(5054): p. 178.

Amini, F.

Amini, F. Production Method for Violent TCB Jet Plasma from Cavity. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

1. Introduction
 One of our hydropower plants (Masjed - E - Soleyman, Iran) has four Francis turbines. Two units on the right side (looking downstream) share a common penstock and a common long tailrace tunnel, and the other two units on the left also share a penstock and tailrace tunnel.
Upon commissioning of one unit, the hydraulic transient in the draft tube during load rejection above 75% was excessive. It was apparent that the guide vane closing law that had been adopted would result in water column separation during load rejection at full power. Tests with a slower closing rate showed that the risk of column separation was reduced, but a violent surge developed in the draft tube close to maximum over speed.
The energy level and cavity volume that are produced are much more than those of regular TCB (Transient Cavitation Bubbles) experiments, and therefore, we should expect more intense effects than a regular TCB jet produces.

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An, H. K.

An, H.K., et al., Analysis of deformed palladium cathodes resulting from heavy water electrolysis. Fusion Technol., 1995. 27: p. 408.

An, X. W.

An, X.W., et al., Calorimetric investigation of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium. Thermochim. Acta, 1991. 183: p. 107.

Andermann, G.

Andermann, G. A Theoretical Model (Nu-Q) for Rationalizing Electrochemically Induced Nuclear Events Observed in Deuterium Loaded Pd Cathodes. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

Andermann, G. Theoretical Model for Low Temperature Nuclear Events. in Cold Fusion Symp., 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf.,. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

Anderson, D. M.

Anderson, D.M. and J. Bockris, Cold Fusion at Texas A&M. Science, 1990. 249: p. 463.

Anderson, G. C.

Anderson, G.C., Clandestine NSF Panel Warms to Cold Fusion. The Scientist, 1989.

Anderson, I. S.

Anderson, I.S., D.K. Ross, and C.J. Carlile, The Structure of the g Phase of Palladium Deuteride. Phys. Lett. A, 1978. 68: p. 249.

Anderson, J.

Anderson, J., et al., Letters and Response about Cold Fusion at Texas A&M. Science, 1990. 249: p. 463-465.

Anderson, R. E.

Anderson, R.E. and S.E. Jones. Comments on an Experiment at Yale on Cold Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Anderson, R.E., et al. Neutron Measurements in Search of Cold Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Andreani, R.

Andreani, R., La fusione 'fredda'" ("'Cold' fusion"). Energ. Nucl. (Rome), 1989. 6: p. 8 (in Italian).

Andresen, B. D.

Andresen, B.D., et al., Potentially explosive organic reaction mechanisms in Pd/D2O electrochemical cells. Chem. Health Safety, 1994. 1: p. 44.

Anghaie, S.

Anghaie, S., P. Froelich, and H.J. Monkhurst, On fusion/fission chain reactions in the Fleischmann-Pons 'cold fusion' experiment. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 500.

Antanasijevic, R. D.

Antanasijevic, R.D., et al., Preliminary observations on possible implications of new Bohr orbits (resulting from electromagnetic spin-spin and spin-orbit coupling) in 'cold' quantum mechanical fusion processes appearing in strong 'plasma focus' and 'capillary fusion' experiments. Phys. Lett. A, 1993. 180: p. 25.

Antanasijevic, R.D., et al. "Cold Fusion" in Terms of New Quantum Chemistry: The Role of Magnetic Interactions in Dense Physica Media. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Antonov, A. V.

Antonov, A.V., et al., An attempt to observe cold thermonuclear fusion during the electrolysis of heavy water. Sov. Phys. Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1990(5): p. 52.

Antonov, V. E.

Antonov, V.E., et al., Phasometric T-P Diagram of the Rh-H System up to 400 C and Pressure of 67 kbar. Doky. Akad. Sci. SSSR, 1979. 248: p. 131.

Antonov, V.E., et al., The Solubility of Hydrogen in the Platinum Metals under High Pressure. Platinum Met. Rev., 1984. 28: p. 158.

Antonov, V.E., et al., The Pd-Pt-H System: Phase Transformations at High Pressure and Superconductivity. Phys. Stat. Sol. A, 1993. 78: p. 137.

Anufriev, G. S.

Anufriev, G.S. and B.S. Boltenkov, Helium isotopes and hydrogen in aluminium and other metals. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1991. 56(2): p. 73 (in Russian).

Aoki, T.

Aoki, T., Y. Kurata, and H. Ebihara. Study of Concentrations of Helium and Tritium in Electrolytic Cells with Excess Heat Generations. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

ABSTRACT
 Concentrations of helium and tritium in gas and liquid phases in calorimetric cells with excess heat generations were measured. Values of factor F (nuclear ash) defined as ratio of amount of heat released by particular nuclear reactions to the excess heat, were calculated to be F(He in gas phase) ≈ (4±16)Ś10^-3 and F(T in liquid phase) ≈ (8±6)Ś10^-10, and upper limit of F(T in gas phase) ≤ 1Ś10^-6. These extremely small values suggested either that (1) the nuclear reactions might occur in deep inside of the Pd cathode, or (2) the major amount of the detected excess heat could not match with the heat expected from the nuclear reactions if the reactions occurred on the surface of Pd cathodes.

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Aoki, T., et al. Search for neutrons emitted from sodium tungsten bronzes. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Aoki, T., et al., Search for nuclear products of the D + D nuclear fusion. Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, 1998. 6(1): p. 22.

Nuclear products which were caused by the D + D nuclear fusion reaction were searched in electrolytic cells and in gas phase of Pd + D systems. Measurements of nuclear products were made for gamma-ray, neutron, tritium and helium. To detect neutron, liquid scintillation and 3He counters were used. For gamma-ray measurement, a NaI detector was used. For tritium concentration measurement in gas phase, a gas proportional chamber was fabricated and operated in low background level. The signals of those detectors were fed to Pulse Height Analyzer and recorded as energy spectra which were carefully compared with background spectra. A different type of neutron hunting was also tried in the instants of pressurizing and depressurizing the deuterium gas in crystal. A large size crystal of tungsten bronze was prepared for the experiment.

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Aoyama, T.

Aoyama, T., et al., Highly reliable low-level neutron detection using 3He proportional counters. Radioisot., 1991. 40: p. 188.

Apak, R.

Apak, R., Conformism in chemistry and the results. Kim. Sanayi, 1989. 31: p. 157-8 (in Turkish, Engl. abstr.).

Apicella, M.

Apicella, M., et al. Some recent results at ENEA. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Recent research activity at ENEA, in the field of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, has been oriented to material science and Laser triggering in order to increase the reproducibility of excess of power production during loading of palladium with deuterium. Isoperibolic calorimetry in gas phase, isoperibolic and flow calorimetry with electrochemical systems have been carried out. Nuclear ashes detection was done by means of high resolution and high sensitivity mass spectrometer. Material science studies allowed to obtain a palladium showing high solubility for hydrogen isotopes and giving deuterium concentration at equilibrium larger than 0.95 (as D/Pd atomic fraction) with a reproducibility larger than 90%. Excess of power production by using the above-mentioned material achieves a reproducibility up to 30% without triggering. Laser irradiation with a proper polarization seems to have a significant role in further increasing of the excess of power production reproducibility. Heat bursts exhibit an integrated energy at least 10 times greater than the sum of all possible chemical reactions within a closed cell. The energy gain calculated at the end of the experiments is observed with deuterium but not with hydrogen. Preliminary measurements give a 4He signal in reasonable agreement with the expected values by assuming a D + D = 4He + heat (24 MeV for event) reaction.

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Apostol, M.

Apostol, M. and I.A. Dorobantu, On a competition between solid state and nuclear scale energies. A possible theoretical approach to cold fusion in palladium and other transitional elements. Rev. Roum. Phys., 1989. 34: p. 233.

Appleby, A. J.

Appleby, A.J., et al. Evidence for Excess Heat Generation Rates During Electrolysis of D2O in LiOD Using a Palladium Cathode-A Microcalorimetric Study. in Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989. Santa Fe, NM.

Appleby, A.J., et al. Anomalous Calorimetric Results During Long-Term Evolution of Deuterium on Palladium from Alkaline Deuteroxide Electrolyte. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

ABSTRACT
 Convincing evidence of anomalous thermal fluxes from palladium cathodes in LiOD solutions is provided. When combined with other evidence for tritium formation, these argue for the existence of solid state nuclear processes in this system. Compared with previous work, effects are only seen at a relatively low level, and they appear to decrease with decreasing electrode surface/volume ratio. They are also observed in a sealed cell with internal gas recombination, which requires no thermodynamic corrections. The effect of lithium ion is seen to be specific, and the effect seems to involve only the palladium surface layers.

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Arapi, A.

Arapi, A., et al. Experimental observation of the new elements production in the deuterated and/or hydride palladium electrodes, exposed to low energy DC glow discharge. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

Elemental and isotopic structures of the palladium cathode before and after experiment under DC glow discharge were investigated by time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Production of new elements with various atomic masses and impurities increase were surveyed. By analyzing obtained results, it was found that beryllium and nickel for deuterium-palladium system, and lithium, nickel and barium for hydrogen-palladium system, were generated during glow discharge experiments.

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Arata, Y.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Achievement of intense 'cold fusion' reaction. Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, 1989. 62: p. 398 (In Japanese).

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Achievement of an intense cold fusion reaction. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 95.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Achievement of intense 'cold' fusion reaction. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1990. 66: p. 1.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Corroborating evidence for 'cold' fusion reaction. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1990. 66(B): p. 110.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang. "Cold" Fusion in a Complex Cathode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, 'Cold' fusion caused by a weak 'on-off effect'. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1992. 66: p. 33.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, 'Cold' fusion in deuterated complex cathode. Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, 1992. 67((5)): p. 432 (in Japanese).

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Reproducible "Cold" Fusion Reaction Using A Complex Cathode. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 287.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Excess heat in a double structure deuterated cathode. Kaku Yygo Kenkyu, 1993. 69((8)): p. 963 (in Japanese).

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, A new energy caused by "Spillover-deuterium". Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1994. 70 ser. B: p. 106.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, A new energy generated in DS-cathode with 'Pd-black'. Koon Gakkaishi, 1994. 20(4): p. 148 (in Japanese).

Abstract: It was verified that a new kind of energy is caused by “Spillover-Deuterium” generated in a double structure (DS)-cathode with “Pd-black”. Using this cathode, the authors confirmed the sustained production of a significantly abnormal amount of energy over a period of several months that could not be ascribed to chemical reaction energy. The chemical reaction energy of 0.1 [mol] Pd-black used is only 4[kJ], but more than 200[MJ] of excess energy was continuously produced for over 3000 [hr] at an average rate of 50-100 [kJ/hr] using a DS-cathode with a same quantity of Pd-black. Intermittent operation over a period of two years using this structure proved the complete reproducibility of these results.

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Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Achievement of solid-state plasma fusion ("cold fusion"). Koon Gakkaishi, 1995. 21((6)): p. 303 (in Japanese).

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Cold fusion caused by 'lattice quake'. Koon Gakkaishi, 1995. 21: p. 43 (in Japanese).

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Cold fusion reactions driven by 'Latticequake'. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1995. 71: p. 98.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang. Excess Heat and Mechanism in Cold Fusion Reaction. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Peculiar relation between hot plasma fusion and solid-state plasma fusion ("cold fusion"). Koon Gakkaishi, 1995. 21: p. 130 (in Japanese).

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang. Achievement of Solid-State Plasma Fusion ("Cold Fusion"). in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Deuterium nuclear reaction process within solid. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1996. 72 Ser. B: p. 179.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Generation and mechanism of solid-state plasma fusion ("cold fusion"). Koon Gakkaishi, 1996. 22(1): p. 29 (Japanese).

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Helium (4He, 3He) within deuterated Pd-black. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1997. 73: p. 1.

Arata, Y. and C. Zhang, Presence of helium (4/2He, 3/2He) confirmed in deuterated Pd-black by the "vi-effect" in a "closed QMS" environment. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1997. 73: p. 62.

Arata, Y. and C. Zhang, Presence of helium (4/2He, 3/2He) confirmed in highly deuterated Pd-black by the new detecting methodology. J. High Temp. Soc., 1997. 23: p. 110 (in Japanese).

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Solid-state plasma fusion ('cold fusion'). J. High Temp. Soc., 1997. 23 (special volume): p. 1-56.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Anomalous 'deuterium-reaction energies' within solid. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1998. 74 B: p. 155.

This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins:
 Both D₂O-cell and H₂O-cell are constructed with the same Double Structure Cathode (DS-cathode), and connected in series as a “Double-cell” to examine the energy generation under the same electrolytic current. D₂O-cell generates tremendously excess energy during a long. Such as over several thousand hours, but any energy is never generated in H₂O-cell when the chemical energy is subtracted in both cells. . . .

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Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Anomalous difference between reaction energies generated within D2O-cell and H2O-cell. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, 1998. 37: p. L1274.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Anomalous production of gaseous 4He at the inside of 'DS cathode' during D2O-electrolysis. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1999. 75: p. 281.

Abstract: Observations were made of the abundant production of gaseous ⁴He inside a double-struc­ture Pd cathode (“DS-cathode”) which continuously had released excess heat of about 5~ 10 W over 2,000 hrs in the electrolysis of D₂O. These ⁴He atoms were found from the inner atmosphere within the DS-cath­ode included the highly deuterated Pd fine powders.

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Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Critical condition to induce 'excess energy' within [DS-H2O] cell. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1999. 75 Ser. B: p. 76.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Definitive difference between [DS-D2O] and [Bulk-D2O] cells in 'deuterium-reaction'. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1999. 75 Ser. B: p. 71.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Observation of Anomalous Heat Release and Helium-4 Production from Highly Deuterated Fine Particles. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, 1999. 38: p. L774.

This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins:
 Observations were made of the anomalous production of ⁴He atoms as well as the anomalous heat release when Pd fine particles are highly deuterated inside an enclosed Pd metal vessel used as a cathode in electrolysis of D₂O. A mass analysis of the remnant Pd powders after the 2000-hr heat production revealed substantial production of ⁴He atoms.

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Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang. Definite Difference amoung [DS-D2O], [DS-H2O] and [Bulk-D2O] Cells in the Deuterization and Deuterium-reaction. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Arata, Y., Developmental challenge in new energy source. 'Solid state plasma fusion'". Kotai Butsuri, 2000. 35(1): p. 67 [in Japanese].

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang. Sono Implantation of Hydrogen and Deuterium from Water into Metallic Fine Powders. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Formation of Condensed Metallic Deuterium Lattice and Nuclear Fusion. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 2002. 78(Ser. B): p. 57.

Abstract: It was confirmed that nanometer-sized metal powder (atom clusters or simply clusters) can absorb an extremely large amount of deuterium/hydrogen atoms more than 300% against the number density of host metal. Within such clusters, the bonding potential widely changes from the center region to peripheral ones, so that the zig-zag atom-chains are always formed dynamically around the average position of atoms and the degree of filling up of the constituent atoms for the fcc type metal reduces to about 0.64 from 0.74 in bulk metal, i.e., vacant space increases to 0.36 from 0.26. As a result, a large amount of deuterium/hydrogen atoms are instantly dissolved into such host-clusters at room temperature. . . .

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Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang. Picnonuclear fusion generated in "lattice-reactor" of metallic deuterium lattice within metal atom-clusters. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

Arata, Y. and Y. Zhang. Development of Compact Nuclear Fusion Reactor Using Solid Pycnodeuterium as Nuclear Fuel. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2003. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org.

Abstract
Based on the functioning of Pd black inside a DS-Cathode, which has produced irrefutable evidence for the existence of solid nuclear fusion, new materials were developed to absorb abundant D/H atoms, up to levels as high as 300% of Pd number. These absorbed atoms were solidified densely inside each unit cell of the host lattice as solid-state “Pycnodeuterium” or “Pycnohydrogen.” Stimulation energy with Pycnodeuterium easily caused intense solid-state nuclear fusion, whereas with Pycnohydrogen no reaction occurred. As the result, it was clarified that Pycnodeuterium is by far the best nuclear fuel compared to all other nuclear fuels.

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Arata, Y. Development of "DS-Reactor" as the practical reactor of "Cold Fusion" based on the "DS-Cell" with "DS-Cathode". in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Lecture slides describing a gas-loaded version of Arata’s double-structured cathode.

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Arata, Y. and Y. Zhang, The Establishment of Solid Nuclear Fusion Reactor. J. High Temp. Soc., 2008. 34(2): p. 85.

Arista, N. R.

Arista, N.R., A. Gras-Marti, and R.A. Baragiola, Screening effects in nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes in dense media. Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1989. 40: p. 6873.

Armacanqui, M. E.

Armacanqui, M.E. and R.A. Oriani, Anomalies Accompanying the Cathodic Charging of Some bcc Metals. Corrosion, 1985. 41: p. 287.

Armacanqui, M.E. and R.A. Oriani, The Decrease of Lattice Parameter of Thin Films Caused by Cathodic Charging of Hydrogen. Scr. Metall., 1985. 19: p. 525.

Armacanqui, M.E. and R.A. Oriani, Lattice Expansion and Contraction in Sputtered Metal Films due to Hydrogen Charging. Mater. Sci. and Eng., 1987. 92: p. 127.

Armacanqui, M.E. and R.A. Oriani, Plastic Deformation in B.C.C. Alloys Induced by Hydrogen Concentration Gradients. Mater. Sci. and Eng., 1987. 91: p. 143.

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Armstrong, R.D., et al., A long-term calorimetric study of the electrolysis of D2O using palladium cube cathodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 272: p. 293.

Armstrong, R.D., Editorial:The Cold Fusion Debate. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34: p. 1287.

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Arnikar, H.J., 'Cold fusion' - a misnomer. Indian J. Chem. Sci., 1990. 4: p. 65.

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Asami, N. and K. Matsui, Research and development for new hydrogen energy. Mater. Adv. Energy Systems & Fission and Fusion Eng., 1994. 7: p. 119.

Asami, N., K. Matsui, and F. Hasegawa. Present Status and the Perspective of New Hydrogen Energy Project. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Asami, N., et al. Material Behaviour of Highly Deuterium Loaded Palladium by Electrolysis. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Abstract
We have presumed that achieving high reproducibility of the anomalous effect may depend upon reproducible high loading ratios of deuterium in the Palladium. By modification of the working process, heat treatment, surface treatment, and the electrolysis conditions, the deuterium loading up to 0.9~0.96 was achieved with relatively high reproducibility. Detail features of the loading and deloading process were observed by gas chromatographic (GC) analysis and by in-situ optical micrographs during electrolysis. Crystal phase and lattice parameter changes were also measured to find any new phase by the in-situ X-ray diffraction system which was newly developed at the NHE-Lab. The phase transition of α-β during the loading and unloading process was well identified, however no new phase was observed up to a loading ratio of about 0.90.

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Asami, N., et al., Material characteristics and behavior of highly deuterated loaded palladium by electrolysis. J. Alloys and Compounds, 1997. 253-254: p. 185.

Asami, N., et al. Material Behavior of Highly Deuterated Palladium. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Asami, N., et al. Material Behavior of Highly Deuterated Palladium. in The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2002. Beijing, China: Tsinghua University: Tsinghua Univ. Press.

Asaoka, Y.

Asaoka, Y., et al. Simultaneous Measurement Device of Heat and Neutron of Heavy Water Electrolysis with Palladium Cathode. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Aspden, H.

Aspden, H., Refrigeration and electrical power generation. 1993: UK GB 2283361A,.

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Astakhov, I.I., et al., An attempt to detect neutron and gamma radiations in heavy water electrolysis with a palladium cathode. Electrochim. Acta, 1991. 36(7): p. 1127.

Astakhov, I.I., et al., Diffusion of hydrogen isotopes in palladium hydride and deuteride in the presence of lithium. Russ. J. Electrochem., 1994. 30: p. 1379.

Attas, E. M.

Attas, E.M., et al., Solar flares and 'cold fusion'. Nature (London), 1990. 344: p. 390.

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Augustynski, J., M. Ulmann, and J. Liu, Electrochemical measurements on palladium cathodes in LiOD/D2O solutions related to the 'cold fusion experiments'. Chimia, 1989. 43: p. 355.

Ault, M. R.

Ault, M.R., Cold fusion: the story behind the headlines. Radiat. Prot. Manage., 1990. 8((3)): p. 49.

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Azbel, M.Y., Possibility of cold fusion. Solid State Commun., 1990. 76(2): p. 127.

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Azzarone, D.

Azzarone, D., F. Fontana, and D. Garbelli. Hydrogen/Deuterium Loading in Thin Palladium Wires. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Babu, K. S. C.

Babu, K.S.C., et al., On the formation of palladium deuteride and its relationship to suspected cold fusion. Adv. Hydrogen Energy, 1990. 8 Hydrogen Energy Prog. VIII, Vol. 2),: p. 1051.

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Badurek, G., H. Rauch, and E. Seidl, Search for cold fusion in palladium-deuterium and titanium-deuterium. Kerntechnik, 1989. 54: p. 178.

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Bae, Y.K., D.D. Lorents, and S.E. Young, Experimental confirmation of cluster-impact fusion. Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1991. 44: p. R4091.

Bagnulo, L. H.

Bagnulo, L.H. Crack-fusion: a Plausible Explanation of Cold Fusion. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

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Bailan, R., J.P. Blaizot, and P. Bonche, Cold Fusion in a Dense Electron Gas. J. Phys. France, 1989. 50: p. 2307.

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Bailey, D.C., Gammas from Cold Nuclear Fusion. 1989.

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Baird, J.K., Isotope effect in hydrogen atom diffusion in metals. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1994. submitted.

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Balabanov, N.P., Hypothesis to explain electrochemically induced nuclear fusion. Nauchni Tr., Plovdivski Univ., 1989. 26(4): p. 247 (in Bulgarian).

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Balbaa, I.S., et al., The Effect of Lattice Distortions on the X-Ray Measurement of Lattice Parameters for PdHx: I. Empirical Relationships. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1987. 17: p. 2041.

Baldo, M.

Baldo, M., R. Pucci, and P.F. Bortignon, Relaxation toward equilibrium in plasmon-enhanced fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 347.

Baldo, M. Enhancement of Fusion Rate Induced by the Collective Electron Excitations. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Balej, J.

Balej, J. and J. Divisek, Energy balance of D2O electrolysis with a palladium cathode, Part I. Theoretical relations. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 278: p. 85.

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Balescu, R., Some like it cool. Phys. Mag, 1989. 11: p. 3 (French).

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Balian, R., J.P. Blaizot, and P. Bonche, Cold fusion in a dense electron gas. J. Phys. France, 1989. 50: p. 2307.

Balin, D. V.

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Balke, B.

Balke, B., et al., Limits on neutron emission from 'cold fusion' in metal hydrides. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1990. C42: p. 30.

Ban, M.

Ban, M. Tunnel Resonance Of Electron Wave And Force Of Fluctuation. in The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.

Banas, J.

Banas, J., et al., Geophysical aspects of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter. Nucl. Geophys., 1989. 3: p. 321.

Baranov, D.

Baranov, D., et al. Experimental Testing of the Erzion Model by Reacting of Electron Flux on the Target. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Baranov, D., et al. Investigation of the Erzion-Nuclear Transformation by Ion Beams. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Baranova, R. V.

Baranova, R.V., et al., Crystal Structure of Pd Hydride with Primitive Cubic Lattice. Sov. Phys. Crystallogr., 1980. 25: p. 736.

Baranowski, B.

Baranowski, B. and R. Wisniewski, The Electrical Resistance of Palladium and Palladium-Gold Alloy (50 wt% Au and Pd) in Gaseous Hydrogen up to 24000 at at 25 C. Phys. Stat. Sol. A, 1969. 35: p. 593.

Baranowski, B. and R. Wisniewski, The Electrical Resistance of Palladium and Palladium-Gold Alloy (50 wt% Au and Pd) in Gaseous Hydrogen up to 24000 at at 25Å C. Phys. Stat. Sol. A, 1969. 35: p. 593.

Baranowski, B., High Pressure Research on Palladium-Hydrogen Systems. Pt. Met. Rev., 1972. 16-17: p. 10.

Baranowski, B., S. Majchrzak, and T.B. Flanagan, A High-Pressure Investigation of the Rhodium/Palladium/Hydrogen System. J. Phys. Chem., 1973. 77: p. 35.

Baranowski, B., T. Skoskiewicz, and A.W. Szafranski, The Metallic Behavior of Hydrogen in Palladium. Sov. J. Low Temp. Phys., 1975. 1: p. 296.

Baranowski, B. and S. Majorowski, Activation Volume for Hydrogen Diffusion in Palladium Hydride. J. Less-Common Met., 1984. 98: p. L27.

Baranowski, B., S. Filipek, and W. Raczynski, Investigation of Some Metal-Hydrogen Systems in the High Pressure Region. J. Less-Common Met., 1984. 101: p. 115.

Baranowski, B., et al., Search for 'cold fusion' in some Me-D systems at high pressures of gaseous deuterium. J. Less-Common Met., 1990. 158: p. 347.

Baranowski, B., S. Filipek, and W. Raczynski, Electrolytic charging of palladium by deuterium at normal and high pressure conditions. Pol. J. Chem., 1994. 68: p. 845.

Barker, W. A.

Barker, W.A., Electrostatic voltage excitation process and apparatus. 1990: US 4,961,880.

Barker, W.A., Method for enhancing alpha decay in radioactive materials. 1991: US 5,076,971.

Barrowes, S. C.

Barrowes, S.C. and H.E. Bergeson. Linear, High Precision, Redundant Calorimeter. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1994. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Bartolomeo, C.

Bartolomeo, C., et al. Alfred Coehn and After: The Alpha, Beta and Gamma of the Palladium-Hydrogen System. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Barton, J. C.

Barton, J.C. and F.A. Lewis, Interface Impedance and the Apparent Electrical Resistance of Palladium Hydrides in Aqueous Solutions. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1962. 58: p. 103.

Barton, J.C., F.A. Lewis, and I. Woodward, Hysteresis of the Relationships Between Electrical Resistance and Hydrogen Content of Palladium. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1963. 59: p. 1201.

Barton, J.C., J.A.S. Green, and F.A. Lewis, Changes of Electrode Potential and Electrical Resistance as a Function of the Hydrogen Content of some Pd+Ni and Pd+Rh alloys. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1965.

Barton, J.C., W.F.N. Leitch, and F.A. Lewis, Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladized Palladium Electrodes Following Immersion in Oxidizing Solutions. Electrochim. Acta, 1966. 11: p. 1171.

Barts, B. I.

Barts, B.I., D.B. Barts, and A.A. Grinenko, Theory of nuclear reactions with the participation of slow charged particles in solids. Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. Originally Oin: Yad. Fiz. 55 [1992] 79., 1992. 55: p. 45.

Barut, A. O.

Barut, A.O., Prediction of new tightly-bound states of H2+ (D2+) and 'cold fusion' experiments. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1990. 15: p. 907.

Barwick, S. W.

Barwick, S.W., et al., Search for 0.8 MeV (3)He nuclei emitted from Pd and Ti exposed to high pressure D2. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 273.

Bashkirov, Yu. A.

Bashkirov, Y.A., et al., Observation of neutron emission from electrolysis of heavy water. Pis'ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1990. 16(19): p. 51 (in Russian).

Bashko, V. A.

Bashko, V.A., et al., Study of the nuclear fusion reaction in palladium by the emission of neutrons upon electrolysis". Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1996. 2(56): p. 54.

Bass, R. W.

Bass, R.W. On Empirical System ID, Possible External Electromagnetic/Electronuclear Stimulation/Actuation and Automatic Feedback Control of Cold Fusion. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

Bass, R.W., QRT: Quantum Resonance Triggering Principle. 1991.

Bass, R.W., QRT: Quantum Resonance Triggering Principle. 1993.

Bass, R.W. A Semi-Classical Quantized Theory of Lattice Induced Nuclear Transformations. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

Bass, R.W. Is the Coulomb Fusion "Barrier" a Resonantly Transparent Mirror? Refutationb of the Conventional Cold Fusion 'QM-Impossibility' "Proof". in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

Bass, R.W., Experimental Evidence Favoring BrightsenÌs Nucleon Cluster Model. J. New Energy, 1996. 1(4): p. 59.

Bass, R.W., Experimental Evidence Favoring BrightsenĂ­s Nucleon Cluster Model. J. New Energy, 1996. 1(4): p. 59.

ABSTRACT
Brightsen’s Nucleon Cluster Model (NCM) predicts that a relatively low-energy photon can stimulate a nuclear transmutation under certain specified conditions. Examination of an experiment by Lin & Bockris demonstrates that the transmutation of mercury-201 to gold-197 induced by a mere exothermic chemical reaction (burning gunpowder) is an actual concrete example of a novel process predicted by the NCM.

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Bass, R.W., A High School Level ExposÈ of the Mistake Upon Which the ERAB Report is Based. J. New Energy, 1997. 2(3/4): p. 22.

Bass, R.W., A High School Level Expos» of the Mistake Upon Which the ERAB Report is Based. J. New Energy, 1997. 2(3/4): p. 22.

Bass, R.W., Parmenter's Fundamental Breakthrough Contributions. Infinite Energy, 1998. 4(21): p. 45.

Noting Dr. Parmenter's acknowledgment to me at the end of his seminal  paper, Dr. Mallove has asked me for a prefatory critique.  Frankly I feel like a kindergarten finger-painting dauber asked to appraise a Rembrandt!  In fact, in 1994 I applied seriously for a humble programmer's job at the Univ. of Arizona in hopes that by moving to Tucson I might be able to audit some of Parmenter's courses: I am awed by his mastery of the three-dimensional details, not only of Quantum Mechanics (QM) [which I know only as a 1-D point-particle theory] but of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), Nuclear Physics, and Solid-State Physics.  I accepted this assignment only in hopes of nudging people like Dr. Barry Merriman of UCLA and Dr. Jim Peebles of Princeton to consider Parmenter's contributions with the serious care which they manifestly deserve.  I'd also hope that in the next issue of IE we receive comments on this milestone theoretical tour de force by all of the dozen other expert theoreticians mentioned below.

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Bass, R.W. and S.W. Gleeson. Recent Advances in LENT and Proposed CF via Deuterium Crystals. in INE/EEMF Conference on New Energy Conversion. 2000. INE/EEMF Conference on New Energy Conversion.

Bass, R.W., Five Frozen Needles CF Protocol. J. New Energy, 2002. 6(2): p. 30.

ABSTRACT
 The following protocol is designed to be intuitively convincing to a layman who, if told that needles 2, 3 and 4 have been pulsed with constant-voltage DC-electricity for twice, thrice and quadruple the amount of time as needle 1, and then measured to contain twice, thrice and quadruple the amount of He4 as the first needle, will instantly reject any doubt that the electrical pulse was creating He4 from some form of nuclear-chemistry process whose action was directly proportional to the amount of DC electrical energy used. At the same time, the protocol is sufficiently statistically sophisticated in its rigorous application of Experiment Design theory as to satisfy the most skeptical and informed critic.

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Basteev, A. V.

Basteev, A.V. and L.A. Nechiporenko, Activation of solid-phase deflagration of hydrogen-containing energy-storing substances. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1994. 19: p. 739.

Batalla, E.

Batalla, E., E.G. Zwartz, and B.A. Judd, In-situ X-ray diffraction of palladium cathodes in electrolytic cells. Solid State Commun., 1989. 71: p. 805.

Battaglia, A.

Battaglia, A., et al., Neutron emission in Ni-H systems. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1999. 112 A: p. 921.

Baurichter, A.

Baurichter, A., et al., Search for cold fusion in palladium. Z. Phys. B: Condens. Matter, 1989. 76: p. 1.

Bazhutov, Y.

Bazhutov, Y., B.A. Khrenov, and G.B. Khristiansen, About one opportunity of second shower spectrum interpretation observed at small depth underground. Isv. Akad. Nauk USSR, ser. phys., 1982. 46(9): p. 2425.

Bazhutov, Y., et al. Interpretation of cold nuclear fusion by means of erzion catalysis. in Fiz. Plazmy Nekotor. Vopr. Obshch. Fiz. M. 1990.

Bazhutov, Y., et al. Study of the possibility of a cold nuclear fusion reaction by electrolysis of heavy water with a titanium electrode. in Teo. Eksp. Issled. Vopr. Obshch. Fiz., Min. Obshch. Mashin. SSSR. 1991.

Bazhutov, Y., et al. Excess Heat Observation During Electrolysis of Cs2CO3 Solution in Light Water. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Bazhutov, Y. Erzion Model of Catalytic Nuclear Transmutation and Its Interpretation of Ball-Lightning and Other Anomalous Geophysical Phenomena. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Bazhutov, Y. and V.P. Koretsky. Possibility of Radioactive Waste Utilization in Terms of the Erzion Model. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Bazhutov, Y., et al. Tritium, Neutron, and Radicarbon Registration with the Yusmar Hydrofacility Running. in Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy. 1996. Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Bazhutov, Y. Influence of Spin and Parity Preservation Lows on Erzion Model Predictions in Cold Fusion Experiments. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Bazhutov, Y. and V.P. Koretsky. Neutron Generation at Ultrasonic Cavitation of Some Liquids. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Bazhutov, Y. Erzion Discovery in Cosmic Rays and its Possible Great Role in Nature in Framework of Erzion Model of Cold Nuclear Transmutation. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

Bazhutov, Y., et al. Calorimetric And Neutron Diagnostics Of Liquids During Laser Irradiation. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Bazhutov, Y. and E. Pletnikov. Search For Erzion Nuclear Catalysis Chains From Cosmic Ray Erzions Stopping In Organic Scintillator. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Bazhutov, Y. Erzion Model Features In Cold Nuclear Transmutation Experiments. in 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals. 2007. Sicily, Italy.

Bazhutov, Y. Role of Russian Scientists in CMNS - Conference Proceedings 1991-2007. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC.

Bearden, T. E.

Bearden, T.E., Use of Asymmetrical Regauging and Multivalued Potentials to Achieve Over-Unity Electromagnetic Engines. J. New Energy, 1996. 1(2): p. 60.

Bearden, T.E., EM Corrections Enabling a Practical Unified Field Theory with Emphasis on Time-Charging Interactions of Longitudinal EM Waves. J. New Energy, 1998. 3(2/3): p. 12.

Bearden, T.E., Purported Over-Unity Results by Hewlett Packard. J. New Energy, 1998. 3(1): p. 98.

Beaudette, C. G.

Beaudette, C.G., Excess Heat: Why Cold Fusion Research Prevailed. 2002, Concord, NH: Oak Grove Press.

This is a complete copy of the book.
 
LENR-CANR would like to thank the author, Charles Beaudette, for giving us permission to upload this important book.
 
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Beaudette, C.G., Response to the DOE/2004 Review of Cold-Fusion Research. 2005, Oak Grove Press: South Bristol, ME.

During 2004, the Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE/OS) initiated and completed a peer-review of the field in science known as cold-fusion research (CFR). The DOE/OS selected eighteen Reviewers for their expertise in the relevant scientific specialties. Remaining largely anonymous, they studied a collection of papers about the field selected and prepared by several of the scientists who have been active in CFR for the past sixteen y ears. Those scientists also presented selected accomplishments to some of the Reviewers during a one day meeting. The following three questions (paraphrased) were asked of the Reviewers: (1) Is there evidence of low-energy-nuclear-reactions (LENR), (2) do such reactions really occur, and (3) should research efforts be continued?

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Becker, E. W.

Becker, E.W., Triple collision reaction of deuterons as a possible explanation of cold nuclear fusion. Naturwiss., 1989. 76: p. 214.

Beddingfield, D. H.

Beddingfield, D.H., et al. Characterization of Charged Particle Bursts from Deuterium Loaded Thin Titanium Foils. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

Begley, S.

Begley, S., E. Jones, and T. Waldorf, A Sun in a Test Tube?, in Newsweek. 1989. p. 58.

Begley, S., et al., The Race for Fusion, and The Follies of Science, in Newsweek. 1989. p. 49.

Begley, S., Cold Fusion Isn't Dead, It's Just Withering From Scientific Neglect, in Wall Street Journal. 2003. p. B1.

Behrisch, R.

Behrisch, R., et al., Search for fusion reactions between deuterium atoms implanted into titanium. Nucl. Fusion, 1989. 29(7): p. 1187.

Behrisch, R., Comment on: H. Gentsch, DD-fusion reactions at a PdAg(D) target in a minireactor, Ber. Bunsenges, Phys. Chem. 95, 1283 [1991]. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1992. 96: p. 733 (in German).

Bellanger, G.

Bellanger, G., Embrittlement of Palladium and Palladium-Silver Alloy Cathode Membranes by Tritium. Fusion Technol., 1995. 27: p. 36.

Bellanger, G. and J.J. Rameau, Determination of tritium adsorption and diffusion parameters in a palladium-silver alloy by electrochemical impedance analysis. Fusion Technol., 1997. 32: p. 94.

Bellini, M.

Bellini, M., L. Casetti, and M. Rosa-Clot, Nuclear Fusion in Excited Hydrogen Molecules. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1990. 337: p. 207.

Belov, A. S.

Belov, A.S., V.E. Kusik, and Y.V. Ryabov, The nuclear fusion for the reactions (2)H(d,n)(3)He,(2)H(d,gamma)(4)He at low deuterons energy and 'cold' nuclear fusion. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1990. A103: p. 1647.

Beltyukov, I. L.

Beltyukov, I.L., et al., Laser-induced cold nuclear fusion in Ti-H2-D2-T2 compositions. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 234.

Belzner, A.

Belzner, A., et al., Recent results on mixed conductors containing hydrogen or deuterium. Solid State Ionics, 1990. 40/41: p. 519.

Belzner, A., et al., Two fast mixed-conductor systems: deuterium and hydrogen in palladium - thermal measurements and experimental considerations. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 219.

Benedek, G.

Benedek, G. and P.F. Bortignon, Cold nuclear fusion: viewpoints of solid-state physics. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, 1989. 11(8): p. 1227.

Benesh, C. J.

Benesh, C.J. and J.P. Vary, Fusion rates of squeezed and screened hydrogenic nuclei. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1989. 40(2): p. R495.

Benetskii, B. A.

Benetskii, B.A., A.V. Klyachko, and A.I. Rozantsev, An attempt to observe cold thermonuclear fusion in a condensed medium. Ratk. Soobshch. Fiz., 1989(6): p. 58 (In Russian).

Benford, M. S.

Benford, M.S., Biological Nuclear Reactions: Empirical Data Describes Unexplained SHC Phenomenon. J. New Energy, 1999. 3(4): p. 19.

Bennington, S. M.

Bennington, S.M., et al., A search for the emission of x-rays from electrolytically charged palladium-deuterium. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34: p. 1323.

Bennington, S.M., et al., In-situ measurements of deuterium uptake into a palladium electrode using time-of-flight neutron diffractometry. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 281: p. 323.

Benson, T.

Benson, T., A "Micro-fusion" reactor: Nuclear reactions in "the cold" by ultrasonic cavitation. Infinite Energy, 1995. 1(1): p. 33.

Benson, T. and T.O. Passell. Calorimetry of Energy-Efficient Glow Discharge - Apparatus Design and Calibration. in Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2004. Marseille, France.

Introduction
 This work aims to develop a “family” of low-powered calorimetrically-accurate glow discharge units, similar to that reported by Dardik, et al. at ICCF-10, and to use these to test a wide range of cathode materials, electrode coatings, gas types, gas pressures, and power input levels.  We will describe the design and calibration of these units.
 The strategy is to use a large number of very similar units so that the calorimetric response does not vary significantly for a given power level.  The design is metal or sealed glass cylindrical tubes, charged with 0.4 to 50 torr mixtures of deuterium, hydrogen, argon, or helium gases.  Units operate from 0.2 watt to >2 watt power input.  The units have low mass (<400 grams) to enhance their sensitivity to excess heat, and they are designed to allow visual observation of the discharge, on-line spectroscopic analysis of the gas to follow any changes in composition, and replication of the geometry and thermal mass during numerous changes in electrode composition. . . .

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Berkem, A. R.

Berkem, A.R., Nuclear fusion. Hot fusion - cold fusion. Kim. Sanayi, 1989. 31: p. 7 (in Turkish).

Berkheimer, G. D.

Berkheimer, G.D. and R.E. Buxbaum., Hydrogen Pumping with Palladium Membranes. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 1985. 3: p. 413.

Berlouis, L. E. A.

Berlouis, L.E.A., et al., The decomposition of electrochemically loaded palladium hydride: a thermal analysis study. J. Alloys and Compounds, 1997. 253-254: p. 207.

Bernabei, R.

Bernabei, R., et al., Neutron monitoring during evolution of deuteride precipitation in Nb, Ta and Ti. Solid State Commun., 1990. 76: p. 815.

Bernardini, M.

Bernardini, M., et al. Anomalous Effects Induced by D2O Electrolysis of Titanium. in 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000. Lerici (La Spezia), Italy: Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy.

This investigation emphasizes the heat output (~1 W) measured at open circuit after the electrolysis of 0.6 M K₂CO₃ in D₂O on titanium. This thermal phenomenon decayed slowly over the course of several days. “Post-mortem” γ-spectroscopy analysis of the Ti samples cathodized in D₂O evidenced transient γ-emissions which cannot be attributed to impurities of the electrolytic system.

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Berrondo, M.

Berrondo, M. Computer Simulation of D Atoms in a Pd Lattice. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

Bertalot, L.

Bertalot, L., et al. Analysis of Tritium and Heat Excess in Electrochemical Cells With Pd Cathodes. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

INTRODUCTION
The origin of the excess heat [1,2] developed during the electrolysis of heavy water in “Cold Fusion” cells is up to now open to question. The necessary presence of deuterium suggests that fusion reactions can be partially or totally responsible for the generation of excess heat.
Experience has shown neutron emission to be sporadic and very weak; on the other hand tritium was found in small but detectable amounts [3,4]. Moreover if tritium accumulates in the solution it can be comfortably measured postmortem.

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Bertalot, L., et al. Study of Deuterium Charging in Palladium by the Electrolysis of Heavy Water: Search for Heat Excess and Nuclear Ashes. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Bertalot, L., et al. Deuterium Charging in Palladium by Electrolysis of Heavy Water: Measurement of Lattice Parameter. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Bertalot, L., et al., Study of deuterium charging in palladium by the electrolysis of heavy water: heat excess production. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1993. 15 D: p. 1435.

Bertalot, L., et al. Power Excess Production in Electrolysis Experiments at ENEA Frascati. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Bertin, A.

Bertin, A., et al., Experimental evidence of cold nuclear fusion in a measurement under the Gran Sasso Massif. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1989. 101A: p. 997.

Bertin, A., et al., First experimental results at the Gran Sasso Laboratory on cold nuclear fusion in titanium electrodes. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 209.

Bertin, A., et al., Absence of tritium yield in metal-deuterium systems". Phys. At. Nucl., 1996. 59: p. 934 (orig. Yad. Fiz. 59 [1996] 976).

Bertin, A., et al., Negative result of an experiment aimed at verifying the hypothesis that cold and hot nuclear fusion occurs in Ti/(D-T) and ZrNbV/(D-T) systems. Phys. At. Nucl., 1996. 59: p. 744.

Bertolotti, M.

Bertolotti, M., et al. Nondestructive Evaluation of the Thermal Properties of Palladium-Hydrogen Compounds by Photothermal Techniques. in The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1998. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.

Bertulani, C. A.

Bertulani, C.A. and L.F. Canto, Semiclassical calculation of Coulomb break-up of weakly bound nuclei. Nucl. Phys. A, 1992. 539: p. 163.

Besenbacher, F.

Besenbacher, F., et al., Interaction of hydrogen isotopes with metals: deuterium trapped at lattice defects in palladium. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 257.

Besenbacher, F., et al., Search for cold fusion in plasma-charged Pd-D and Ti-D systems. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 315.

Betteridge, W.

Betteridge, W. and J. Hope, The separation of hydrogen from gas mixtures:a process of absorption and desorption by palladium. Pt. Met. Rev., 1974. 18-19: p. 50.

Beuhler, R. J.

Beuhler, R.J., G. Friedlander, and L. Friedman, Cluster-Impact Fusion. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990. 63: p. 1292.

Beuhler, R.J., et al., Deuteron-Deuteron Fusion by Impact of Heavy-Water Clusters on Deuterated Surfaces. J. Phys. Chem., 1991. 94: p. 7665.

Beuhler, R.J., G. Friedlander, and L. Friedman, Cluster-impact Fusion [Erratum]. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1992. 88: p. 2108.

Bhadkamkar, A.

Bhadkamkar, A. and H. Fox, Electron Charge Cluster Sparking in Aqueous Solutions. J. New Energy, 1996. 1(4): p. 62.

Bharadwaj, S. R.

Bharadwaj, S.R., et al., The Palladium-Platinum Phase Diagram. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 169: p. 167.

Bhattacharjee, J. K.

Bhattacharjee, J.K., L. Satpathy, and Y.R. Waghmare, A possible mechanism of cold fusion. Pramana, 1989. 32: p. L841.

Biberian, J. P.

Biberian, J.P. Excess Heat Measurements in AlLaO3 Doped with Deuterium. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

Biberian, J.P., et al. E